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Remote Laboratory Management: Respiratory Virus Diagnostics
Published on: April 6, 2019
新兴传染病的全球趋势
Kate E Jones1, Nikkita G Patel, Marc A Levy
1Institute of Zoology, Zoological Society of London, Regents Park, London NW1 4RY, UK.
Nature
|February 22, 2008
概括
全球新出现的传染病 (EIDs) 正在增加,这是由环境和社会因素驱动的. 大多数EID来源于野生动物,特别是在低度地区,但全球资源被错误地分配给疾病监测和控制.
科学领域:
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 全球健康 全球健康
- 疾病生态学 疾病生态学
背景情况:
- 新兴传染病 (EIDs) 构成了全球健康和经济的重大威胁.
- 推动EID出现的驱动因素与社会经济,环境和生态因素有关.
- 之前的研究缺乏对全球EID模式和驱动因素的比较分析.
研究的目的:
- 分析EID起源的全球时间和空间模式.
- 确定EID出现与社会经济,环境和生态因素之间的相关性.
- 确定未来EID出现的高风险地区 ("热点").
主要方法:
- 对1940年至2004年335个EID事件数据库的分析.
- 统计分析以控制报告偏差并确定时间趋势.
- 相关性分析将EID起源与各种全球因素联系起来.
主要成果:
- 随着时间的推移,EID事件显著增加,在20世纪80年代达到顶峰.
- 动物性疾病,主要来自野生动物,主导着EID事件,并且正在增加.
- 细菌性和病性EIDs普遍存在,这表明抗药性微生物的增加.
- 欧洲投资基金的起源与社会经济,环境和生态因素有很大关系.
- 低度,报告力度低的低度显示,动物传播和载体传播的EIDs的风险很高.
结论:
- 全球对EID监督和控制的资源分配不佳.
- 目前的努力集中在那些不太可能成为未来EID来源的地区.
- 确定EID"热点"对于有效的全球卫生安全至关重要.
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