PILRalpha是一种简单疹病毒-1入口核受体,与糖蛋白B结合
Takeshi Satoh1, Jun Arii, Tadahiro Suenaga
1Department of Immunochemistry, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.
Cell
|March 25, 2008
概括
配对的免疫球蛋白样型2型受体 (PILR) alfa与简单疹病毒-1糖蛋白B (gB) 结合,使病毒感染成为可能. 这一发现揭示了PILRαα.
科学领域:
- 病毒学 病毒学
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 细胞生物学 细胞生物学
背景情况:
- 简单疹病毒-1 (HSV-1) 进入宿主细胞对于感染至关重要.
- 糖蛋白D (gD) 与已知的受体相互作用,如疹病毒进入介质 (HVEM) 和Nectin-1.
- 与HSV-1糖蛋白B (gB) 结合的特定细胞受体在很大程度上仍未确定.
研究的目的:
- 识别与HSV-1糖蛋白B (gB) 相结合的细胞受体.
- 研究这些受体在介导HSV-1感染中的作用.
- 阐明HSV-1进入的机制,包括gB和gD受体.
主要方法:
- 同免疫沉测试检测蛋白质与蛋白质相互作用.
- 细胞敏感性测定使用被设计成表达特定受体的细胞.
- 使用针对已识别受体的抗体进行抑制测定.
主要成果:
- 配对的免疫球蛋白类型2受体 (PILR) alfa被确定为HSV-1 gB的结合伙伴.
- 表达PILRα的细胞表现出对HSV-1感染的敏感性.
- 在表达这两种受体的细胞中,针对PILRα或HVEM的抗体显著阻断了HSV-1感染.
结论:
- 对于HSV-1 gB (PILR alpha) 和gD (HVEM) 的细胞受体对于病毒进入至关重要.
- 皮尔尔αα基因作为一个关键的共同受体,通过与gB的关联来调解HSV-1感染.
- 这些发现为控制HSV-1病变的复杂分子机制提供了新的见解.
相关概念视频
01:10Retrovirus Life Cycles
Retroviruses have a single-stranded RNA genome that undergoes a special form of replication. Once the retrovirus has entered the host cell, an enzyme called reverse transcriptase synthesizes double-stranded DNA from the retroviral RNA genome. This DNA copy of the genome is then integrated into the host’s genome inside the nucleus via an enzyme called integrase. Consequently, the retroviral genome is transcribed into RNA whenever the host’s genome is transcribed, allowing the retrovirus to...
02:33Retroviruses
Retroviruses and retrotransposons both insert copies of their genetic elements into the genome of the host cell. Thus, the viral genes are passed on when the host genome is replicated or translated. A typical retroviral DNA sequence contains 3-4 genes that encode the different proteins required for its structural assembly and function as a molecular parasite. This DNA is transcribed into a single mRNA, which is very similar in structure to conventional mRNAs, i.e., it is capped at the 5’...
01:28Herpes
Herpes simplex type 1 (HSV‑1) is a widespread pathogen responsible for orolabial lesions. It is an enveloped, double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) virus belonging to the family Herpesviridae. Once the virus infects a host cell, its double‑stranded DNA genome is delivered into the nucleus, where a coordinated cascade of immediate‑early, early, and late gene expression directs viral DNA replication, structural protein synthesis, and virion assembly. After primary infection of epithelial cells, HSV-1...
01:29Respiratory Syncytial Virus Disease
Human respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a widespread pathogen that primarily targets infants and young children but also poses a serious health risk to elderly and immunocompromised individuals. Belonging to the Pneumoviridae family, RSV is a negative-sense, single-stranded RNA virus within the Pneumovirus genus. Its global health burden is significant, with millions of cases annually resulting in hospitalizations and mortality, particularly in resource-limited settings. Although most...
01:23Genital Herpes
Genital herpes is a sexually transmitted infection primarily caused by herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2), though herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) is increasingly implicated in genital infections, particularly among younger populations. Transmission occurs mainly through sexual contact, with asymptomatic viral shedding serving as a major route of spread. This characteristic makes HSV-2 difficult to control at a population level, as individuals may unknowingly transmit the virus even in the...
01:25Inhibitors Of Virion Release
Viral replication and dissemination rely on efficient mechanisms for host cell entry, genome replication, assembly, and release. Influenza viruses, such as types A and B, are negative-sense single-stranded RNA viruses with a segmented genome, that depend on two critical surface glycoproteins to carry out these processes: hemagglutinin (HA) and neuraminidase (NA). HA initiates infection by binding to sialic acid residues on the surface of host epithelial cells, facilitating receptor-mediated...