相关实验视频
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RNAi Interference by dsRNA Injection into Drosophila Embryos
Published on: April 11, 2011
果虫内源性小RNA与体细胞中的阿尔戈诺特2结合
Yoshinori Kawamura1, Kuniaki Saito, Taishin Kin
1Institute for Genome Research, University of Tokushima, Tokushima 770-8503, Japan.
Nature
|May 9, 2008
概括
RNA沉默使用小RNA来控制基因表达. 在Drosophila中,内源性短干扰RNAs (esiRNAs) 准体细胞中的逆转移体,补充生殖系沉默机制.
科学领域:
- 分子生物学分子生物学
- 遗传学 遗传学 是一个
- 在RNA干扰过程中,RNA干扰
背景情况:
- RNA沉默是一种基本的基因调控过程,由小RNA和阿尔戈诺特复合体介导.
- 可转移的元素,包括逆转移子,可以在体细胞中活跃,导致基因组不稳定性和马赛克主义.
- 在Drosophila中,逆转移体的生殖线沉默涉及Piwi相互作用RNA (piRNA) 和Dicer独立的途径.
研究的目的:
- 调查阿尔戈诺特2 (AGO2) 在体细胞RNA沉默中的作用.
- 识别和表征内源性小RNAs参与Drosophila S2细胞中的基因沉默.
- 阐明体细胞中逆转移素沉默的机制,并将其与生殖系沉默进行比较.
主要方法:
- 在培养的Drosophila S2细胞中分析与Argonaute 2 (AGO2) 相关的小RNA.
- 内源短干扰RNAs (esiRNAs) 的生物发生和点的表征.
- 通过基因突变调查Dicer-2在esiRNA产生和逆转移素沉默中的作用.
主要成果:
- 德罗斯菲拉S2细胞产生20-22个核酸的内源性短干扰RNA (esiRNA),这些RNA与AGO2结合.
- esiRNAs来源于逆转子和茎环结构,依赖Dicer-2,并引导AGO2分裂标RNAs.
- 迪克-2突变导致逆转移素转录的增加,这表明它在抑制中发挥了关键作用.
结论:
- 果虫利用不同的小RNA途径 (生殖细胞中的piRNA,体细胞中的esiRNA) 来沉默反转移子.
- 阿尔戈诺特2 (AGO2) 和Dicer-2-依赖性esiRNAs在体细胞中抑制逆转移子中发挥着重要作用.
- 这些发现突显了RNA沉默机制的多样性,以维持不同细胞环境中的基因组完整性.
相关概念视频
RNA Interference
RNA interference (RNAi) is a process in which a small non-coding RNA molecule blocks the post-transcriptional expression of a gene by binding to its messenger RNA (mRNA) and preventing the protein from being translated.
This process occurs naturally in cells, often through the activity of genomically-encoded microRNAs. Researchers can take advantage of this mechanism by introducing synthetic RNAs to deactivate specific genes for research or therapeutic purposes. For example, RNAi could be used...
This process occurs naturally in cells, often through the activity of genomically-encoded microRNAs. Researchers can take advantage of this mechanism by introducing synthetic RNAs to deactivate specific genes for research or therapeutic purposes. For example, RNAi could be used...
Conservation of Protein Domains Over Different Proteins
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A limited set of protein domains often duplicate and recombine during evolution. These domains can be organized in different combinations to form...
A limited set of protein domains often duplicate and recombine during evolution. These domains can be organized in different combinations to form...
RNA Interference
RNA interference (RNAi) is a process in which a small non-coding RNA molecule blocks the post-transcriptional expression of a gene by binding to its messenger RNA (mRNA) and preventing the protein from being translated.
This process occurs naturally in cells, often through the activity of genomically-encoded microRNAs. Researchers can take advantage of this mechanism by introducing synthetic RNAs to deactivate specific genes for research or therapeutic purposes. For example, RNAi could be used...
This process occurs naturally in cells, often through the activity of genomically-encoded microRNAs. Researchers can take advantage of this mechanism by introducing synthetic RNAs to deactivate specific genes for research or therapeutic purposes. For example, RNAi could be used...
siRNA - Small Interfering RNAs
Small interfering RNAs, or siRNAs, are short regulatory RNA molecules that can silence genes post-transcriptionally, as well as the transcriptional level in some cases. siRNAs are important for protecting cells against viral infections and silencing transposable genetic elements.
In the cytoplasm, siRNA is processed from a double-stranded RNA, which comes from either endogenous DNA transcription or exogenous sources like a virus. This double-stranded RNA is then cleaved by the ATP-dependent...
In the cytoplasm, siRNA is processed from a double-stranded RNA, which comes from either endogenous DNA transcription or exogenous sources like a virus. This double-stranded RNA is then cleaved by the ATP-dependent...
piRNA - Piwi-interacting RNAs
PIWI-interacting RNAs, or piRNAs, are the most abundant short non-coding RNAs. More than 20,000 genes have been found in humans that code for piRNAs while only 2000 genes have been found for miRNAs. piRNAs can act at the transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels and have a vital role in silencing transposable elements present in germ cells. They are also involved in epigenetic silencing and activation. Previously, they were thought to function only in germ cells but new evidence suggests...
Experimental RNAi
RNA interference (RNAi) is a cellular mechanism that inhibits gene expression by suppressing its transcription or activating the RNA degradation process. The mechanism was discovered by Andrew Fire and Craig Mello in 1998 in plants. Today, it is observed in almost all eukaryotes, including protozoa, flies, nematodes, insects, parasites, and mammals. This precise cellular mechanism of gene silencing has been developed into a technique that provides an efficient way to identify and determine the...

