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Updated: Jul 5, 2026
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mirMachine: A One-Stop Shop for Plant miRNA Annotation
Published on: May 1, 2021
植物miRNAs和siRNAs的广泛转化抑制
Peter Brodersen1, Lali Sakvarelidze-Achard, Marianne Bruun-Rasmussen
1Institut de Biologie Moléculaire des Plantes du CNRS, Unité Propre de Recherche 2357, 12 rue du Général Zimmer, 67084 Strasbourg Cedex, France.
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|May 17, 2008
概括
植物微RNAs (miRNAs) 主要通过裂变来使目标保持沉默. 新的Arabidopsis突变揭示了miRNAs和小干扰RNAs (siRNAs) 的明显的翻译抑制作用,涉及ARGONAUTE蛋白质和细胞骨动力学.
科学领域:
- 分子生物学分子生物学
- 植物科学 植物科学
- 遗传学 是一个遗传学.
背景情况:
- 植物微RNA (miRNA) 是基因表达的关键调节者.
- 传统上,miRNA介导的沉默归因于目标信使RNAs (mRNAs) 的内核分解裂变.
- 植物miRNA作用中翻译抑制的精确机制和程度仍然不完全理解.
研究的目的:
- 研究植物中miRNA引导基因沉默的机制.
- 确定转化抑制是否是植物miRNA作用的重要组成部分.
- 为了确定参与miRNA介导的翻译抑制的遗传因素.
主要方法:
- 在miRNA作用中缺陷的Arabidopsis突变体的隔离和分析.
- 用miRNA引导的沉默通路的遗传剖析.
- 研究ARGONAUTE蛋白质和细胞骨组件的作用.
主要成果:
- 阿拉比多普西斯突变体揭示了miRNA引导沉默的基因可分离的翻译抑制成分.
- 这种翻译抑制机制也适用于通过小干扰RNA (siRNA) 群体介导的沉默.
- 阿尔戈纳特蛋白质 (AGO1,AGO10),卡塔宁和VARICOSE (VCS) /Ge-1都与转化抑制有关,这表明动物的保护机制.
结论:
- 植物miRNA和siRNA沉默涉及一个显著的翻译抑制机制,与内核分解裂变不同.
- 细胞骨动力学和特定的蛋白质因子,如ARGONAUTE蛋白和katanin对于这种抑制至关重要.
- 这些发现突出了小RNA介导的基因沉默在整个王国中保存的分子机制.
相关概念视频
01:22MicroRNAs
MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns (non-coding regions of a gene) or intergenic regions (stretches of DNA present between genes). Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself, forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After the pre-miRNA...
01:22MicroRNAs
MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns—non-coding regions of a gene—or intergenic regions—stretches of DNA present between genes. Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After the pre-miRNA ends...
01:22MicroRNAs
MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns—non-coding regions of a gene—or intergenic regions—stretches of DNA present between genes. Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After the pre-miRNA ends...
01:23RNA Interference
RNA interference (RNAi) is a process in which a small non-coding RNA molecule blocks the post-transcriptional expression of a gene by binding to its messenger RNA (mRNA) and preventing the protein from being translated.
This process occurs naturally in cells, often through the activity of genomically-encoded microRNAs. Researchers can take advantage of this mechanism by introducing synthetic RNAs to deactivate specific genes for research or therapeutic purposes. For example, RNAi could be used...
This process occurs naturally in cells, often through the activity of genomically-encoded microRNAs. Researchers can take advantage of this mechanism by introducing synthetic RNAs to deactivate specific genes for research or therapeutic purposes. For example, RNAi could be used...
01:23RNA Interference
RNA interference (RNAi) is a process in which a small non-coding RNA molecule blocks the post-transcriptional expression of a gene by binding to its messenger RNA (mRNA) and preventing the protein from being translated.
This process occurs naturally in cells, often through the activity of genomically-encoded microRNAs. Researchers can take advantage of this mechanism by introducing synthetic RNAs to deactivate specific genes for research or therapeutic purposes. For example, RNAi could be used...
This process occurs naturally in cells, often through the activity of genomically-encoded microRNAs. Researchers can take advantage of this mechanism by introducing synthetic RNAs to deactivate specific genes for research or therapeutic purposes. For example, RNAi could be used...
01:56Riboswitches
Riboswitches are non-coding mRNA domains that regulate the transcription and translation of downstream genes without the help of proteins. Riboswitches bind directly to a metabolite and can form unique stem-loop or hairpin structures in response to the amount of the metabolite present. They have two distinct regions – a metabolite-binding aptamer and an expression platform.
The aptamer has high specificity for a particular metabolite which allows riboswitches to specifically regulate...
The aptamer has high specificity for a particular metabolite which allows riboswitches to specifically regulate...