扩大海底底生物圈的范围.
Erwan G Roussel1, Marie-Anne Cambon Bonavita, Joël Querellou
1Laboratoire de Microbiologie des Environnements Extrêmes, UMR 6197, Université de Bretagne Occidentale, Ifremer, Centre de Brest, BP70, 29280 Plouzané, France.
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|May 24, 2008
概括
深海沉积物含有活生生的 prokaryotic 细胞,即使在最古老和最热的环境中. 这一发现扩大了我们对深层生物圈及其潜在范围的理解.
科学领域:
- 微生物学 微生物学
- 地质地质地质地质地质地
- 海洋学 海洋学 海洋学
背景情况:
- 据估计,海底沉积物含有地球 Prokaryotic 生物质的很大一部分.
- 之前的研究根据有限的数据推断出 prokaryotic 生命深度很大,已知最深的 prokaryotes 仅在 842 米.
研究的目的:
- 在深海,古老和热海沉积物中研究 prokaryotic 生命的存在和特征.
- 为了确定海底生物圈的下层深度和温度极限.
主要方法:
- 来自纽芬兰边缘的沉积芯的分析.
- 用DNA测序来识别存在的原生生物.
- 地质化学分析以确定沉积物的年龄,温度和潜在的能源.
主要成果:
- 在海底1626米以下的海底,在11100万年前的沉积物中检测到活生生的 prokaryotic 细胞,大约100°C.
- DNA序列揭示了Pyrococcus和Thermococcus属内的新型,未培养的热友和高热友古生物.
- 无氧甲氧化古生物的证据表明,甲支持的深层生物圈.
结论:
- 海底生物圈延伸至海底至少1600米以下,可能更深.
- Prokaryotic 生命的上限温度至少为 113 摄氏度.
- 深海,热海沉积物藏着一个独特的,以前未知的微生物群体.
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