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多能细胞和分化细胞的基因组规模的DNA甲基化图
Alexander Meissner1, Tarjei S Mikkelsen, Hongcang Gu
1Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, 9 Cambridge Center, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, USA.
Nature
|July 5, 2008
概括
DNA甲基化模式与基因素甲基化相关,并在细胞分化过程中动态变化. 在细胞增殖过程中,CpG岛屿中的异常DNA甲基化模仿癌症,突出其在发育和疾病中的作用.
科学领域:
- 表观遗传学 在表观遗传学中,表观遗传学是指表观遗传学.
- 基因组学就是基因组学.
- 哺乳动物细胞生物学
背景情况:
- 基因甲基化对发育至关重要,并与癌症等疾病有关.
- 全基因组的DNA甲基化,其在分化过程中的动态变化以及与染色质修饰的关系尚未完全理解.
- 哺乳动物表观遗传调节需要全面的基因组规模的DNA甲基化概况.
研究的目的:
- 在各种哺乳动物细胞中以核酸分辨率生成和分析基因组规模的DNA甲基化概况.
- 为了研究DNA甲基化,基因组甲基化和染色质修饰之间的关系.
- 了解细胞分化过程中的DNA甲基化动态及其对疾病的影响.
主要方法:
- 高通量减少表示二硫酸盐测序 (RRBS).
- 基于单个分子的测序.
- 为小鼠胚胎干细胞,神经细胞和其他初级组织生成DNA甲基化地图.
主要成果:
- DNA甲基化模式与基因素甲基化比基因组序列更强烈相关.
- CpG甲基化是动态的,在分化过程中发生了显著的变化,特别是在非促进剂监管区域.
- 特定基因中CpG岛屿的异常高甲基化发生在延长的体外细胞增殖过程中,类似于癌症模式.
结论:
- 减少表示双硫酸盐测序是发育生物学,癌症和再生医学中的表观遗传概况的强大工具.
- 基因组甲基化动态对于细胞分化和保持基因组稳定性至关重要.
- 在体外了解异常DNA甲基化,可以了解疾病机制.
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