代价高昂的错误:翻译不忠和蛋白质平衡
Evan T Powers1, William E Balch
1Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Rd., La Jolla, CA 92037, USA. epowers@scripps.edu
Cell
|July 30, 2008
概括
与健康和疾病相关的蛋白质错误折叠受翻译错误的影响. 高蛋白表达水平加剧了精确RNA翻译的选择压力,最大限度地减少了错误翻译和随后的错误折叠.
科学领域:
- 分子生物学分子生物学
- 遗传学 遗传学 是一个
- 生物化学 生物化学
背景情况:
- 蛋白质错误折叠是生物体健康和疾病的重要因素.
- 错误翻译,RNA翻译过程中的错误,可能导致蛋白质错误折叠.
研究的目的:
- 为了研究错误翻译对蛋白质折叠的影响.
- 了解与翻译忠实性相关的选择压力.
主要方法:
- 对蛋白质表达数据的分析.
- 检查翻译错误与蛋白质结构之间的关系.
主要成果:
- 错误翻译显著导致蛋白质错误折叠.
- 高表达的蛋白质面临更强的选择,以获得准确的翻译.
- 优化翻译准确度对于尽量减少错误折叠至关重要.
结论:
- 翻译的准确性是蛋白质平衡的一个关键决定因素.
- 选择压力有助于减少误译,特别是在丰富的蛋白质中.
- 了解错误翻译是解决蛋白质错折叠疾病的关键.
相关概念视频
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01:31Translation
Lesson: Translation
Translation is the process of synthesizing proteins from the genetic information carried by messenger RNA (mRNA). Following transcription, it constitutes the final step in the expression of genes. This process is carried out by ribosomes, complexes of protein and specialized RNA molecules. Ribosomes, transfer RNA (tRNA), and other proteins produce a chain of amino acids—the polypeptide—as the end product of translation.
Translation Produces the Building Blocks of Life
Translation is the process of synthesizing proteins from the genetic information carried by messenger RNA (mRNA). Following transcription, it constitutes the final step in the expression of genes. This process is carried out by ribosomes, complexes of protein and specialized RNA molecules. Ribosomes, transfer RNA (tRNA), and other proteins produce a chain of amino acids—the polypeptide—as the end product of translation.
Translation Produces the Building Blocks of Life
02:07Improving Translational Accuracy
Base complementarity between the three base pairs of mRNA codon and the tRNA anticodon is not a failsafe mechanism. Inaccuracies can range from a single mismatch to no correct base pairing at all. The free energy difference between the correct and nearly correct base pairs can be as small as 3 kcal/ mol. With complementarity being the only proofreading step, the estimated error frequency would be one wrong amino acid in every 100 amino acids incorporated. However, error frequencies observed in...
02:11Proteins: From Genes to Degradation
Within a biological system, the DNA encodes the RNA, and the nucleotide sequence in the RNA further defines the amino acid sequence in the protein. This is referred to as “The Central Dogma of Molecular Biology” - a term coined by Francis Crick. Central dogma is a firm principle in biology that defines the flow of genetic information within any life form. The two fundamental steps in central dogma are - transcription and translation.
Transcription is the synthesis of RNA molecules by RNA...
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