通过健康的生活方式进行中风的初级预防
Stephanie E Chiuve1, Kathryn M Rexrode, Donna Spiegelman
1Harvard School of Public Health, Department of Nutrition, 665 Huntington Ave, Boston, MA 02115, USA. schiuve@hsph.harvard.edu
Circulation
|August 14, 2008
概括
采用健康的生活方式可显著降低中风风险,特别是缺血性中风. 这包括不吸烟,保持健康的体重,定期运动,适度饮酒和良好的饮食.
科学领域:
- 心血管疾病流行病学
- 预防医学 预防医学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 健康的生活方式因素与降低冠心病,糖尿病和心血管疾病的风险有关.
- 多种生活方式因素对中风风险的影响尚不清楚.
研究的目的:
- 调查健康生活方式因素与中风风险的结合之间的关联.
- 确定低风险生活方式对中风预防的潜在影响.
主要方法:
- 一项前性队列研究,涉及43,685名男性 (卫生专业人员随访研究) 和71,243名女性 (护士健康研究).
- 生活方式因素 (饮食,吸烟,体力活动,酒精消耗,BMI) 通过问卷进行评估.
- 低风险的生活方式是通过遵守五个因素来定义的:不吸烟,BMI<25 kg/m2,≥30分钟/天适度活动,适度的酒精摄入量和健康饮食得分.
主要成果:
- 坚持所有五个低风险生活方式因素的人,总和缺血性中风的风险显著降低.
- 对于女性来说,与没有这些因素的女性相比,总中风的相对风险为0.21,缺血性中风的相对风险为0.19.
- 在男性中,总中风的相对风险为0.31,缺血性中风的相对风险为0.20.
- 很大一部分中风病例归因于缺乏遵守低风险的生活方式.
结论:
- 低风险的生活方式与中风风险降低有关,特别是缺血性中风.
- 这些发现表明,促进健康的生活方式因素可能是预防中风的关键策略.
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