社区参与:对母亲,新生儿和儿童健康的教训
Mikey Rosato1, Glenn Laverack, Lisa Howard Grabman
1Centre for International Health and Development, Institute of Child Health, University College London, UK.
Lancet (London, England)
|September 16, 2008
概括
社区参与对于初级医疗保健的成功至关重要,特别是在发展中国家. 它的整合对于改善母亲和儿童健康结果以及实现全球卫生目标至关重要.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 卫生政策 卫生政策
- 社区健康 社区健康
背景情况:
- 初级卫生保健 (PHC) 于1978年作为全球卫生政策而建立.
- "阿尔马塔宣言"强调社区参与是医疗保健的核心原则.
- 发展中国家的母婴健康服务往往发生在社区内,需要社区参与.
研究的目的:
- 检查社区参与初级医疗保健的必要性.
- 确定社区参与是改善健康结果的先决条件还是补充因素.
- 评估社区参与在实现母婴健康和千年发展目标 (MDGs) 中的作用.
主要方法:
- 该研究回顾了"阿尔马塔宣言"关于社区参与的原则.
- 它分析了社区参与发展中国家产前,分娩和产后护理的重要性.
- 这项研究探讨了社区参与是否是一种过渡战略,还是卫生系统加强的持续必要性.
主要成果:
- 在医疗保健规划和实施方面,强调社区参与是基本的权利和义务.
- 卫生保健战略的有效性与社区自力更生和参与程度有关.
- 如果未能整合社区参与,可能会阻碍减少母婴死亡率 (MDG 4和5) 的进展.
结论:
- 社区参与不仅仅是有效的初级医疗保健的伴侣,而且可能是有效初级医疗保健的重要组成部分.
- 它的作用可能是至关重要的,特别是对于边缘化的人群,它的缺席可能会阻碍全球卫生目标的实现.
- 可能需要进一步的研究,以充分阐明持续的社区参与对长期健康结果的影响.
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