初级医疗保健:让阿尔玛阿塔成为现实
John Walley1, Joy E Lawn, Anne Tinker
1Nuffield Centre for Health and Development, Leeds Institute of Health Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK.
Lancet (London, England)
|September 16, 2008
概括
初级医疗保健对于实现全球健康平等至关重要. 振兴初级医疗保健需要加强基础设施,取消用户费用,并整合服务,以获得更好的健康结果.
科学领域:
- 全球健康 全球健康
- 公共卫生政策 公共卫生政策
- 加强卫生系统 加强卫生系统
背景情况:
- 这是一个很棒的节目,这是一个很棒的节目.
- 为所有人提供健康.
- 千年发展目标 (MDGs) 不可能在低收入国家没有加速初级卫生保健 (PHC) 实现.
研究的目的:
- 为实现全球卫生目标,提出重振初级卫生保健 (PHC) 的优先事项.
- 解决阻碍医疗保健进步的因素,包括政治优先级不足和卫生系统不足.
主要方法:
- 加强医疗服务基础设施,包括人力资源和必需药物.
- 取消初级医疗保健服务的用户费用,以改善获取.
- 实施基于证据的社区和初级治疗和预防护理综合套餐,适应和扩大规模.
- 加强社区参与,并将社区卫生工作者与初级保健设施联系起来.
- 促进健康和发展的跨部门行动,解决水,卫生,营养,粮食安全和艾滋病毒控制问题.
主要成果:
- 该研究概述了初级医疗保健复兴的综合战略.
- 主要建议包括基础设施开发,取消用户费用和综合服务提供.
- 重点是社区参与,跨部门合作,并解决更广泛的健康问题,包括慢性疾病和心理健康.
结论:
- 振兴初级医疗保健对于实现全球健康平等至关重要.
- 需要大幅加快PHC,支持加强基础设施,社区参与和跨部门行动.
- 解决研究缺口,衡量进展,确保问责是成功实施PHC的关键.
相关概念视频
01:30Primary Healthcare Services
Primary care promotes wellness and prevents disease. This care includes health promotion, education, protection (such as immunizations), early disease screening, and environmental considerations. Settings providing this type of healthcare include physician offices, public health clinics, school nursing, and community health nursing.
In 1978, international leaders convened in Alma-Ata, Kazakhstan, for what would be a pivotal event in global health. The Alma-Ata Declaration was the first to call...
In 1978, international leaders convened in Alma-Ata, Kazakhstan, for what would be a pivotal event in global health. The Alma-Ata Declaration was the first to call...
01:26Methods Of Healthcare Delivery System
At the different levels of the healthcare system, we see varying methods of healthcare used. These methods include managed care systems, case management, and primary healthcare.
Managed Care System:
The managed care system is designed to control the cost while maintaining the quality of care. The patient's care from admission to discharge is planned by the primary care provider or the case manager, also known as the gatekeeper. In a managed care system, the number of care providers is limited...
Managed Care System:
The managed care system is designed to control the cost while maintaining the quality of care. The patient's care from admission to discharge is planned by the primary care provider or the case manager, also known as the gatekeeper. In a managed care system, the number of care providers is limited...
01:11Secondary Healthcare System
Secondary healthcare is offered by a specialist, generally in hospitals or clinics for patients referred by primary healthcare providers. It occurs when a person has an illness or injury that requires specific medical care. Secondary care is often referred to as acute care. Secondary care can range from uncomplicated care to repair a minor laceration or treat a strep throat infection to more complicated emergent care, such as treating a head injury sustained in an automobile accident. Whatever...
01:20Integrated Healthcare System
An integrated healthcare system (IHS) is a set of organizations that provides for or arranges to provide coordinated and continuous service to a defined population. The IHS takes responsibility for that particular population's health status and outcome, both clinically and fiscally. An integrated healthcare system is a well-organized, well-coordinated, and collaborative network. The integrated delivery system is a network that connects different healthcare providers to deliver organized,...
01:21Tertiary Healthcare System
Specialized care provided over an extended period is called tertiary care. Usually, a primary or secondary care physician will refer a patient to tertiary care. A patient's maximum physical and mental function is restored in tertiary care, which is caused due to the impact of a chronic illness or condition. Tertiary care aims to achieve the highest level of functioning possible while managing chronic illness. For example, a patient who falls and fractures their hip will need secondary care to...
01:26Traditional Level Of Health Care System
The levels of care describe the services provided in the healthcare system. Accordingly, there are six levels of the traditional healthcare system in the US: preventive, primary, secondary, tertiary, restorative, and continuing healthcare. A nurse must understand how the healthcare industry organizes and provides services within these levels of care.
The preventive healthcare service includes tests for screening. Preventive health care services include identifying and reducing disease risk...
The preventive healthcare service includes tests for screening. Preventive health care services include identifying and reducing disease risk...