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相关概念视频

Fixing Double-strand Breaks02:04

Fixing Double-strand Breaks

The double-stranded structure of DNA has two major advantages. First, it serves as a safe repository of genetic information where one strand serves as the back-up in case the other strand is damaged. Second, the double-helical structure can be wrapped around proteins called histones to form nucleosomes, which can then be tightly wound to form chromosomes. This way, DNA chains up to 2 inches long can be contained within microscopic structures in a cell. A double-stranded break not only damages...
DNA Damage can Stall the Cell Cycle02:36

DNA Damage can Stall the Cell Cycle

In response to DNA damage, cells can pause the cell cycle to assess and repair the breaks. However, the cell must check the DNA at certain critical stages during the cell cycle. If the cell cycle pauses before DNA replication, the cells will contain twice the amount of DNA. On the other hand, if cells arrest after DNA replication but before mitosis, they will contain four times the normal amount of DNA. With a host of specialized proteins at their disposal,cells must use the right protein at...
Homologous Recombination02:31

Homologous Recombination

The basic reaction of homologous recombination (HR) involves two chromatids that contain DNA sequences sharing a significant stretch of identity. One of these sequences uses a strand from another as a template to synthesize DNA in an enzyme-catalyzed reaction. The final product is a novel amalgamation of the two substrates. To ensure an accurate recombination of sequences, HR is restricted to the S and G2 phases of the cell cycle. At these stages, the DNA has been replicated already and the...
Nucleotide Excision Repair01:38

Nucleotide Excision Repair

DNA Distortion and Damage
Cells are regularly exposed to mutagens—factors in the environment that can damage DNA and generate mutations. UV radiation is one of the most common mutagens and is estimated to introduce a significant number of changes in DNA. These include bends or kinks in the structure, which can block DNA replication or transcription. If these errors are not fixed, the damage can cause mutations, which in turn can result in cancer or disease depending on which sequences are...
Fixing Double-strand Breaks02:04

Fixing Double-strand Breaks

The double-stranded structure of DNA has two major advantages. First, it serves as a safe repository of genetic information where one strand serves as the back-up in case the other strand is damaged. Second, the double-helical structure can be wrapped around proteins called histones to form nucleosomes, which can then be tightly wound to form chromosomes. This way, DNA chains up to 2 inches long can be contained within microscopic structures in a cell. A double-stranded break not only damages...
DNA Damage Can Stall the Cell Cycle02:36

DNA Damage Can Stall the Cell Cycle

In response to DNA damage, cells can pause the cell cycle to assess and repair the breaks. However, the cell must check the DNA at certain critical stages during the cell cycle. If the cell cycle pauses before DNA replication, the cells will contain twice the amount of DNA. On the other hand, if cells arrest after DNA replication but before mitosis, they will contain four times the normal amount of DNA. With a host of specialized proteins at their disposal,cells must use the right protein at...

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相关实验视频

Updated: May 8, 2026

Characterizing DNA Repair Processes at Transient and Long-lasting Double-strand DNA Breaks by Immunofluorescence Microscopy
08:31

Characterizing DNA Repair Processes at Transient and Long-lasting Double-strand DNA Breaks by Immunofluorescence Microscopy

Published on: June 8, 2018

双链DNA断裂激活了在淋巴细胞发育中的多功能遗传程序.

Andrea L Bredemeyer1, Beth A Helmink, Cynthia L Innes

  • 1Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63110, USA.

Nature
|October 14, 2008
PubMed
概括
此摘要是机器生成的。

淋巴细胞中的生理DNA双链断裂激活了一个超出DNA修复的广泛的转录程序. 这种反应会影响淋巴细胞的发育,并且可能会因基因毒性损伤而被破坏.

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Visualizing and Quantifying Endonuclease-Based Site-Specific DNA Damage
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相关实验视频

Last Updated: May 8, 2026

Characterizing DNA Repair Processes at Transient and Long-lasting Double-strand DNA Breaks by Immunofluorescence Microscopy
08:31

Characterizing DNA Repair Processes at Transient and Long-lasting Double-strand DNA Breaks by Immunofluorescence Microscopy

Published on: June 8, 2018

Visualizing and Quantifying Endonuclease-Based Site-Specific DNA Damage
10:59

Visualizing and Quantifying Endonuclease-Based Site-Specific DNA Damage

Published on: August 21, 2021

Dual Immunofluorescence of γH2AX and 53BP1 in Human Peripheral Lymphocytes
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Dual Immunofluorescence of γH2AX and 53BP1 in Human Peripheral Lymphocytes

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科学领域:

  • 分子生物学分子生物学
  • 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
  • 遗传学 是一个遗传学.

背景情况:

  • DNA双链断裂 (DSBs) 是关键的DNA病变.
  • 细胞对DSB的反应通常涉及细胞周期检查点和生存途径.
  • 在淋巴细胞发育过程中,为了抗原受体基因组合,DSBs是故意生成的.

研究的目的:

  • 为了研究在淋巴细胞发育过程中对生理DSB的转录反应.
  • 要确定这个响应是否不同于正规的DSB响应.
  • 探索对淋巴细胞发育和基因毒性损伤的影响.

主要方法:

  • 在小鼠淋巴细胞中基因表达的分析.
  • 在生理和基因毒性DSB诱导后的转录形状的比较.

主要成果:

  • 淋巴细胞中的生理DSB触发了一个广泛的转录程序.
  • 这个程序超越了正规的DNA损伤反应基因.
  • 许多诱导基因都参与了各种细胞过程,这些过程对淋巴细胞发育至关重要.
  • 一些基因表达模式在生理和基因毒性DSB反应之间重叠.

结论:

  • 生理学DSB作为信号线索,调节细胞类型特定的过程,超出基因组维护范围.
  • 基因毒性DSBs可能会通过干扰这些发育途径来损害正常的细胞功能.
  • 了解这些独特的转录程序对于淋巴细胞生物学和毒理学至关重要.