在中国出现慢性非传染性疾病的出现
Gonghuan Yang1, Lingzhi Kong, Wenhua Zhao
1Chinese Centre for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China; Institute of Basic Medical Sciences of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and School of Basic Medicine of Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
Lancet (London, England)
|October 22, 2008
概括
中国面临着慢性疾病的快速增长,原因是生活方式的加速变化. 这种流行病学转变带来了重大的公共卫生挑战,增加了发病率,死亡率和医疗保健成本.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 卫生政策 卫生政策
背景情况:
- 中国正经历着由传染性疾病向慢性疾病的迅速流行病学转变.
- 改变饮食,减少体力活动和高吸烟率等生活方式因素正在加速这种转变.
- 这种转变对可预防的发病率,死亡率和不断上升的医疗保健成本构成重大风险.
研究的目的:
- 分析中国正在加速的流行病学转型.
- 突出行为变化对慢性疾病患病率的影响.
- 讨论医疗保健改革在慢性疾病管理方面的挑战.
主要方法:
- 分析中国的流行病学趋势.
- 评估行为风险因素,包括饮食,体力活动和吸烟.
- 审查当前的公共卫生挑战和医疗保健系统改革.
主要成果:
- 慢性疾病的显著增加,包括高血压 (17700万成年人).
- 高吸烟率 (约有3.03亿成年人,占全球吸烟者的1/3) 和被动吸烟 (约有5.3亿人).
- 成人和儿童超重和肥胖率的上升与饮食和活动变化有关.
结论:
- 慢性疾病的快速增长对中国的医疗保健系统构成了重大挑战.
- 迫切需要采取预防策略,以减轻慢性疾病日益增长的负担.
- 解决生活方式因素对于管理未来的健康结果和成本至关重要.
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