作为一个人:宗教:有义务相信?
1Department of Psychology, Washington University in St Louis, Missouri, USA. pboyer@wustl.edu
Nature
|October 25, 2008
概括
推广无神论比推广宗教更具有挑战性. 认知特征自然使人类倾向于信仰,使宗教信仰成为更常见的默认.
科学领域:
- 认知科学 认知科学
- 进化心理学 进化心理学
- 宗教人类学宗教人类学.
背景情况:
- 了解宗教信仰的认知基础对于解释其在人类社会中的普遍性至关重要.
- 帕斯卡尔·博耶的作品探讨了人类认知的进化基础及其对宗教等文化现象的影响.
研究的目的:
- 研究促进宗教信仰的认知机制.
- 解释为什么无神论比宗教信仰更具认知挑战.
主要方法:
- 对认知特征及其进化起源的分析.
- 对超自然概念的心理倾向的检查.
主要成果:
- 多种认知特征自然使个人倾向于接受宗教概念.
- 这些认知偏见使得信仰的采用比无神论的采用更为直观的过程.
结论:
- 宗教的流行部分是由人类固有的认知架构解释的.
- 无神论需要克服这些自然的认知倾向,这使得它更难"出售".
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