预防虐待儿童和相关损伤的干预措施
Harriet L Macmillan1, C Nadine Wathen, Jane Barlow
1Departments of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences and of Pediatrics, and Offord Centre for Child Studies, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.
Lancet (London, England)
|December 6, 2008
概括
有效的儿童虐待预防计划是有限的,家庭访问和家长培训显示出希望. 需要进一步的研究来评估各种虐待类型的干预措施,并改善儿童福利成果.
科学领域:
- 儿童发展 儿童发展
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 社会工作 社会工作
背景情况:
- 许多儿童虐待预防计划存在,但它们的有效性在很大程度上没有得到证实.
- 防止性,情感或亲密伴侣暴力等特定形式的虐待的证据仍然很少.
研究的目的:
- 审查现有的儿童虐待预防计划有效性的证据.
- 确定已证明成功的干预措施和需要进一步研究的领域.
主要方法:
- 对儿童虐待预防计划的系统审查.
- 对各种干预类型的证据分析,包括家庭访问,家长培训和治疗方法.
主要成果:
- 护士家庭伙伴关系和早期启动等家庭访问计划显示了预防儿童虐待和受伤的证据.
- 家长培训计划表明,预防身体虐待的复发有好处,但忽视的复发干预措施缺乏.
- 认知行为疗法对遭受性虐待的患有PTSD的儿童有效;增强的寄养护理对受虐待的儿童有好处.
结论:
- 虽然一些干预措施显示出希望,但对所有形式的虐待儿童的基于证据的计划存在重大差距.
- 使用实际虐待结果和健康措施的受控试验对于未来的研究至关重要.
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