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相关概念视频

MicroRNAs01:22

MicroRNAs

MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns—non-coding regions of a gene—or intergenic regions—stretches of DNA present between genes. Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After the pre-miRNA ends...
Nuclear Export of mRNA02:31

Nuclear Export of mRNA

Before mRNAs are exported to the cytoplasm, it is crucial to check each mRNA for structural and functional integrity. Eukaryotic cells use several different mechanisms, collectively known as mRNA surveillance, to look for irregularities in mRNAs. Irregular or aberrant mRNA are rapidly degraded by various enzymes. If a defective mRNA escapes the surveillance, it would be translated into a protein which would either be non-functional or not function properly. One of the primary irregularities in...
Nonsense-mediated mRNA Decay02:27

Nonsense-mediated mRNA Decay

The Upf proteins that carry out nonsense-mediated decay (NMD) are found in all eukaryotic organisms, including humans. Each protein has an individual role, but they need to work in collaboration. Upf1 is an ATP-dependent RNA helicase that unwinds the RNA helix. Because Upf1 can unwind any RNA, Upf2 and Upf3 are required to help Upf1 discriminate between nonsense and normal mRNAs.
Usually, Upf3 binds to an Exon Junction Complex (EJC) at mRNA splice sites. If a ribosome fully translates the mRNA,...
MicroRNAs01:22

MicroRNAs

MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns—non-coding regions of a gene—or intergenic regions—stretches of DNA present between genes. Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After the pre-miRNA ends...
Nonsense-mediated mRNA Decay02:27

Nonsense-mediated mRNA Decay

The Upf proteins that carry out nonsense-mediated decay (NMD) are found in all eukaryotic organisms, including humans. Each protein has an individual role, but they need to work in collaboration. Upf1 is an ATP-dependent RNA helicase that unwinds the RNA helix. Because Upf1 can unwind any RNA, Upf2 and Upf3 are required to help Upf1 discriminate between nonsense and normal mRNAs.
Usually, Upf3 binds to an Exon Junction Complex (EJC) at mRNA splice sites. If a ribosome fully translates the mRNA,...
MicroRNAs01:22

MicroRNAs

MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns (non-coding regions of a gene) or intergenic regions (stretches of DNA present between genes). Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself, forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After the pre-miRNA...

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相关实验视频

Updated: Jun 19, 2026

A Phenotyping Regimen for Genetically Modified Mice Used to Study Genes Implicated in Human Diseases of Aging
09:37

A Phenotyping Regimen for Genetically Modified Mice Used to Study Genes Implicated in Human Diseases of Aging

Published on: July 14, 2016

在HMGA2,微RNA和干细胞衰老中.

Scott M Hammond1, Norman E Sharpless

  • 1Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA. hammond@med.unc.edu

Cell
|December 17, 2008
PubMed
概括

哺乳动物的衰老与干细胞功能下降有关. 染色蛋白HMGA2与小鼠的发育,身高和干细胞衰老有关.

科学领域:

  • 细胞生物学 细胞生物学
  • 遗传学 是一个遗传学.
  • 发育生物学 发展生物学

背景情况:

  • 哺乳动物的衰老包括体干细胞和自我更新细胞的功能下降.
  • 最近的研究表明,染色质相关蛋白HMGA2与各种生物过程之间存在联系.

研究的目的:

  • 探索HMGA2在哺乳动物衰老和发育中的作用.
  • 调查HMGA2和干细胞功能在关键发育阶段之间的联系.

主要方法:

  • 审查最近的研究,将HMGA2与发育和干细胞衰老联系起来.
  • 对有关HMGA2在胎儿发育晚期和年轻成年期中的作用的数据分析.

主要成果:

  • HMGA2涉及哺乳动物的发育,影响高度.
  • 研究将HMGA2与晚期胎儿发育和年轻成年期小鼠的干细胞衰老联系在一起.

结论:

  • HMGA2是一种关键蛋白质,参与哺乳动物的发育和衰老.
  • 对HMGA2的进一步研究可以提供有关干细胞功能和与年龄相关的衰退的见解.

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A Phenotyping Regimen for Genetically Modified Mice Used to Study Genes Implicated in Human Diseases of Aging

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