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相关概念视频

Covalently Linked Protein Regulators02:04

Covalently Linked Protein Regulators

Proteins can undergo many types of post-translational modifications, often in response to changes in their environment. These modifications play an important role in the function and stability of these proteins. Covalently linked molecules include functional groups, such as methyl, acetyl, and phosphate groups, and also small proteins, such as ubiquitin. There are around 200 different types of covalent regulators that have been identified.
These groups modify specific amino acids in a protein.
Restarting Stalled Replication Forks02:37

Restarting Stalled Replication Forks

DNA replication is initiated at sites containing predefined DNA sequences known as origins of replication. DNA is unwound at these sites by the minichromosome maintenance (MCM) helicase and other factors such as Cdc45 and the associated GINS complex.The unwound single strands are protected by replication protein A (RPA) until DNA polymerase starts synthesizing DNA at the 5’ end of the strand in the same direction as the replication fork. To prevent the replication fork from falling apart, a...
Conservative Site-specific Recombination and Phase Variation02:53

Conservative Site-specific Recombination and Phase Variation

Because the DNA segments are cut and reorganized in a direction-specific manner, site-specific recombination has emerged as an efficient genetic engineering technique. Flippase and Cyclization recombinases or Flp and Cre, respectively, are two members of the tyrosine recombinase family derived from bacteriophages, that are used to mediate site-specific DNA insertions, deletions, and targeted expression of proteins in mammalian cell lines.
The recognition sites for Cre recombinase called LoxP...
Riboswitches01:56

Riboswitches

Riboswitches are non-coding mRNA domains that regulate the transcription and translation of downstream genes without the help of proteins. Riboswitches bind directly to a metabolite and can form unique stem-loop or hairpin structures in response to the amount of the metabolite present. They have two distinct regions – a metabolite-binding aptamer and an expression platform.
The aptamer has high specificity for a particular metabolite which allows riboswitches to specifically regulate...
Covalently Linked Protein Regulators02:04

Covalently Linked Protein Regulators

Proteins can undergo many types of post-translational modifications, often in response to changes in their environment. These modifications play an important role in the function and stability of these proteins. Covalently linked molecules include functional groups, such as methyl, acetyl, and phosphate groups, and also small proteins, such as ubiquitin. There are around 200 different types of covalent regulators that have been identified.
These groups modify specific amino acids in a protein.
Transcriptional Regulation: Riboswitches01:23

Transcriptional Regulation: Riboswitches

Riboswitches are RNA elements that regulate gene expression by altering their secondary structures in response to specific effector molecules. These elements, located in the leader regions of certain mRNAs, act as transcriptional regulators by toggling between alternative conformations to control downstream gene expression. Riboswitch-mediated regulation is a precise mechanism for modulating biosynthetic pathways, as exemplified by the riboflavin biosynthesis pathway in Bacillus...

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相关实验视频

Updated: Jun 25, 2026

In Vivo Detection and Analysis of Rb Protein SUMOylation in Human Cells
09:40

In Vivo Detection and Analysis of Rb Protein SUMOylation in Human Cells

Published on: November 2, 2017

SUMOylation调节了Rad18介导的模板开关.

Dana Branzei1, Fabio Vanoli, Marco Foiani

  • 1IFOM, the FIRC Institute for Molecular Oncology Foundation, IFOM-IEO Campus, Via Adamello 16, 20139 Milan, Italy. dana.branzei@ifom-ieo-campus.it

Nature
|December 19, 2008
PubMed
概括
此摘要是机器生成的。

这项研究表明,Rad18蛋白对于酵母复制分叉中的DNA损伤绕道至关重要,通过PCNA无处不在和SUMOylation途径协调模板切换和重组.

更多相关视频

In Vitro SUMOylation Assay to Study SUMO E3 Ligase Activity
09:45

In Vitro SUMOylation Assay to Study SUMO E3 Ligase Activity

Published on: January 29, 2018

Real-time Observation of the DNA Strand Exchange Reaction Mediated by Rad51
06:24

Real-time Observation of the DNA Strand Exchange Reaction Mediated by Rad51

Published on: February 13, 2019

相关实验视频

Last Updated: Jun 25, 2026

In Vivo Detection and Analysis of Rb Protein SUMOylation in Human Cells
09:40

In Vivo Detection and Analysis of Rb Protein SUMOylation in Human Cells

Published on: November 2, 2017

In Vitro SUMOylation Assay to Study SUMO E3 Ligase Activity
09:45

In Vitro SUMOylation Assay to Study SUMO E3 Ligase Activity

Published on: January 29, 2018

Real-time Observation of the DNA Strand Exchange Reaction Mediated by Rad51
06:24

Real-time Observation of the DNA Strand Exchange Reaction Mediated by Rad51

Published on: February 13, 2019

科学领域:

  • 分子生物学分子生物学
  • 遗传学 是一个遗传学.
  • 生物化学 生物化学

背景情况:

  • 模板切换是复制过程中绕过DNA损伤和填补缺口的关键机制.
  • 填补缺口的修复涉及由Rad18和Rad5.5介导的增殖细胞核抗原 (PCNA) 的同源重组和多双化.
  • 这些修复路径与模板切换在复制叉上的物理证据之间的协调仍然不清楚.

研究的目的:

  • 为了研究DNA损伤绕行,同源重组和PCNA无处不在之间的协调.
  • 在复制分叉时提供Rad18-Rad5-依赖模板切换的物理证据.
  • 阐明PCNA无处不在和SUMOylation在复制合重组中的作用.

主要方法:

  • 在Saccharomyces cerevisiae中的遗传方法.
  • 物理检测X形姐妹染色体结 (SCJs).
  • 分析PCNA多基化和SUMOylation路径.

主要成果:

  • 在受损的复制分叉中,Rad18对于形成SCJs至关重要,这涉及PCNA通过Mms2和Ubc13通过PCNA多基化.
  • 通过SCJs绕过损伤需要Ubc9,SUMOylated PCNA,并与Rad51-依赖的重组协调.
  • 该研究提出,Rad18-Rad5-Mms2依赖的SCJs代表模板切换事件.

结论:

  • PCNA无处不在和SUMOylation通路对于促进短暂的,受损引起的,复制合的重组事件至关重要.
  • 在复制分叉上的姐妹染色体结点在这些重组事件中发挥着作用.
  • 这项工作揭示了DNA损伤耐受性的协调机制,涉及模板切换和重组.