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在美国西部,树木死亡率普遍上升
Phillip J van Mantgem1, Nathan L Stephenson, John C Byrne
1U.S. Geological Survey, Western Ecological Research Center, Three Rivers, CA 93271, USA. pvanmantgem@usgs.gov
概括
背景树木死亡率在美国西部老森林中迅速增加,每17-29年翻一番. 这一趋势与区域变暖和水资源短缺有关,影响着森林结构和碳捕获.
科学领域:
- 森林生态 森林生态
- 气候变化影响 气候变化影响
- 森林动力学 森林动力学
背景情况:
- 树木死亡率的持续变化显著影响森林结构,组成和重要的生态系统服务,如碳捕获.
- 未经管理的老生长森林是长期生态趋势的关键指标.
- 了解背景死亡率对于森林管理和保护战略至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 分析美国西部未经管理的老森林中背景树木死亡率的趋势.
- 调查导致树木死亡率观察到变化的因素.
- 评估增加树木死亡率对森林生态系统的影响.
主要方法:
- 美国西部未经管理的旧森林的纵向数据分析.
- 检查各种海拔,树木大小,主导品种和火灾历史的死亡率.
- 统计建模以确定死亡率与环境因素之间的相关性.
主要成果:
- 近几十年来,背景树木死亡率迅速增加,不同地区的树木死亡率在17-29年间翻倍.
- 在各种森林条件中观察到死亡率的增加,包括不同的海拔,树木大小和物种.
- 森林密度和基底面积的轻微下降表明,死亡率的增加不仅仅是由于竞争或大树的衰老.
- 在较小的树木中增加的死亡率表明了超越衰老的更广泛的影响.
结论:
- 区域变暖和相关的水资源短缺增加被确定为树木死亡率升高的可能驱动因素.
- 这些发现凸显了美国西部老森林对气候变化的脆弱性.
- 这些死亡模式的变化需要适应性森林管理策略来维持生态系统服务.
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