稀缺医疗干预的分配原则
Govind Persad1, Alan Wertheimer, Ezekiel J Emanuel
1Department of Bioethics, The Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA.
Lancet (London, England)
|February 3, 2009
概括
这项研究评估了分配稀缺的医疗资源 (如器官和疫苗) 的伦理原则. 它提出了一个"完整的生活系统",优先考虑年轻人,以确保公平的分配.
科学领域:
- 医学伦理 医学伦理
- 公共卫生政策 公共卫生政策
- 资源分配 资源分配
背景情况:
- 医疗干预的稀缺性 (例如,器官,疫苗) 存在持续的道德分配挑战.
- 现有的分配原则往往未能捕捉到所有相关的道德考虑.
研究的目的:
- 评估八个简单的分配原则和三个多原则系统.
- 提出一个改进的分配系统,解决道德复杂性.
主要方法:
- 将原则分为平等,最差,最大化利益和社会实用性的原则.
- 评估联合国器官共享网络 (UNOS) 积分系统,质量调整寿命年 (QALYs) 和因残疾调整寿命年 (DALYs).
主要成果:
- 没有单一的分配原则本身就足够了.
- 像UNOS,QALY和DALY这样的现有系统在全面的伦理考虑中存在局限性.
结论:
- 缺乏医疗资源的伦理分配需要采用多原则的方法.
- 拟议的"完整生活系统"通过优先考虑年轻人并纳入多种原则,提供了更具伦理稳定的框架.
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