相关实验视频
Updated: Jun 25, 2026

14:08
Study of Protein-protein Interactions in Autophagy Research
Published on: September 9, 2017
氨基酸的双向运输调节了mTOR和自
Paul Nicklin1, Philip Bergman, Bailin Zhang
1Respiratory Diseases Area, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Novartis Horsham Research Centre, West Sussex, UK.
Cell
|February 11, 2009
概括
氨基酸运输到细胞中,特别是L-谷氨胺的吸收和流出,对于激活哺乳动物的拉巴胺素 (mTOR) 途径的目标,控制细胞生长和蛋白质合成至关重要.
科学领域:
- 细胞生物学 细胞生物学
- 生物化学 生物化学
- 分子生物学分子生物学
背景情况:
- 氨基酸对于激活哺乳动物中拉巴胺素 (mTOR) 激酶的标是必不可少的.
- mTOR调节关键的细胞过程,包括蛋白质翻译,细胞生长和自.
- 参与氨基酸向mTOR发送信号的特定细胞表面载体仍然在很大程度上未被确定.
研究的目的:
- 为了确定负责氨基酸吸收和随后向mTOR发出信号的细胞表面载体.
- 阐明氨基酸流调节mTOR激活,细胞生长和自的机制.
主要方法:
- 研究了L-Glutamine吸收和流出在mTOR激活中的作用.
- 利用SLC1A5传送器功能的基因操纵.
- 分析了SLC7A5/SLC3A2输送复合体在氨基酸运输中的功能.
主要成果:
- 在必需氨基酸 (EAA) 的存在下,细胞吸收和快速流出L-氨酸是mTOR激活的速度限制步骤.
- SLC1A5载体调节L-氨酸的吸收;其损失抑制细胞生长并促进自.
- 通过SLC7A5/SLC3A2载体复合体,可以同时调节L-氨酸的流出和L-氨酸/EAA的流入.
- 具有高L-Glutamine水平的瘤细胞可以绕过mTOR激活的吸收要求.
结论:
- 由SLC1A5和SLC7A5/SLC3A2传递器介导的L-谷氨胺流是mTOR信号传递的关键调节器.
- 这种流动协调细胞生长,增殖,蛋白质翻译和自.
- 了解这种途径可以了解癌细胞增殖的代谢调节.
相关概念视频
mTOR Signaling and Cancer Progression
The mammalian target of rapamycin or mTOR protein was discovered in 1994 due to its direct interaction with rapamycin. The protein gets its name from a yeast homolog called TOR. The mTOR protein complex in mammalian cells plays a major role in balancing anabolic processes such as the synthesis of proteins, lipids, and nucleotides and catabolic processes, such as autophagy in response to environmental cues, such as availability of nutrients and growth factors.
The mTOR pathway or the...
The mTOR pathway or the...
mTOR Signaling and Cancer Progression
The mammalian target of rapamycin or mTOR protein was discovered in 1994 due to its direct interaction with rapamycin. The protein gets its name from a yeast homolog called TOR. The mTOR protein complex in mammalian cells plays a major role in balancing anabolic processes such as the synthesis of proteins, lipids, and nucleotides and catabolic processes, such as autophagy in response to environmental cues, such as availability of nutrients and growth factors.
The mTOR pathway or the...
The mTOR pathway or the...
PI3K/mTOR/AKT Signaling Pathway
The mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) is a serine/threonine kinase that regulates growth, proliferation, and cell survival in response to hormones, growth factors, or nutrient availability. This kinase exists in two structurally and functionally distinct forms: mTOR complex 1 (mTORC1) and mTOR complex 2 (mTORC2). The first form (mTORC1) is composed of a rapamycin-sensitive Raptor and proline-rich Akt substrate, PRAS40. In contrast, mTORC2 consists of a rapamycin-insensitive companion...
Autophagy
Autophagy is a self-digesting process by which a cell protects itself from threats both within and outside the cell, ranging from abnormal proteins to invading bacteria. In this process, obsolete components of the cell and invading microbes are degraded by hydrolytic enzymes active in an acidic environment of the lysosomal lumen.
An autophagic pathway consists of a series of signaling events activated in response to diverse stress and physiological conditions such as food deprivation,...
An autophagic pathway consists of a series of signaling events activated in response to diverse stress and physiological conditions such as food deprivation,...
Translocation of Proteins into the Mitochondria
Mitochondrial precursors are translocated to the internal subcompartments via independent mechanisms involving distinct protein machineries called translocases.
Sorting of outer membrane proteins:
Mitochondrial outer membrane proteins are of two types: the transmembrane, beta-barrel porins, and the membrane-anchored, alpha-helical proteins. Beta-barrel porin precursors are translocated by the TOM complex and inserted into the outer mitochondrial membrane by the SAM complex. In contrast,...
Sorting of outer membrane proteins:
Mitochondrial outer membrane proteins are of two types: the transmembrane, beta-barrel porins, and the membrane-anchored, alpha-helical proteins. Beta-barrel porin precursors are translocated by the TOM complex and inserted into the outer mitochondrial membrane by the SAM complex. In contrast,...
Delivery Pathways to the Lysosome
Eukaryotic cells use different mechanisms to eliminate toxic waste obsolete and worn-out substances. Lysosomes play a pivotal role in this, and hence, these substances are carried to the lysosome from other parts of the cell and extracellular space through different pathways. The most elaborately studied pathways to the lysosome are the endocytic pathways.
Endocytosis
In endocytosis, the cell membrane takes up macromolecules and particles from the surrounding medium. Clathrin-mediated...
Endocytosis
In endocytosis, the cell membrane takes up macromolecules and particles from the surrounding medium. Clathrin-mediated...
