预mRNA处理可以追溯到转录,并向前翻译
Melissa J Moore1, Nick J Proudfoot
1Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Massachusetts Medical School, 364 Plantation Street, Worcester, MA 01605, USA. melissa.moore@umassmed.edu
Cell
|February 26, 2009
概括
基因表达涉及从核基因激活到细胞质mRNA转化和衰变的复杂步骤. 预信使RNA (mRNA) 处理,包括封闭,拼接和多化,确保有效和准确的基因表达.
科学领域:
- 分子生物学分子生物学
- 基因表达规则 基因表达规则
- 处理RNA处理RNA处理
背景情况:
- 从DNA到蛋白质的遗传信息的旅程涉及复杂的细胞机械.
- 有效和准确的基因表达对于细胞功能和生物体发育至关重要.
- 了解基因表达不同阶段之间的相互作用是解读细胞机制的关键.
研究的目的:
- 审查前传递 RNA (mRNA) 处理在基因表达中的关键作用.
- 阐明mRNA前处理与转录,翻译和mRNA衰变的相互联系.
- 要突出这些过程如何共同确保基因表达的效率和忠实性.
主要方法:
- 关于mRNA前处理机制的文献综述.
- 分析了前mRNA处理与转录的整合.
- 检查mRNA前处理,翻译和mRNA衰变之间的联系.
主要成果:
- 预mRNA处理事件 (5'封闭,拼接,多化) 是基因表达的组成部分.
- 这些处理步骤显著提高了转换遗传信息的效率和准确性.
- 预mRNA处理与上游的转录事件和下游的转化和衰变途径密切相关.
结论:
- 预mRNA处理是基因表达途径中高度协调和必不可少的一部分.
- 这些过程的交织性质确保了对基因输出的精确控制.
- 对这些联系的进一步研究可以揭示新的调节机制和治疗点.
相关概念视频
02:01pre-mRNA Processing
In eukaryotic cells, transcripts made by RNA polymerase are modified and processed before exiting the nucleus. Unprocessed RNA is called precursor mRNA or pre-mRNA to distinguish it from mature mRNA.
Once about 20-40 ribonucleotides have been joined together by RNA polymerase, a group of enzymes adds a “cap” to the 5’ end of the growing transcript. In this process, a 5’ phosphate is replaced by modified guanosine that has a methyl group attached to it (7-Methyl guanosine). This 5’ cap helps the...
Once about 20-40 ribonucleotides have been joined together by RNA polymerase, a group of enzymes adds a “cap” to the 5’ end of the growing transcript. In this process, a 5’ phosphate is replaced by modified guanosine that has a methyl group attached to it (7-Methyl guanosine). This 5’ cap helps the...
02:01Pre-mRNA Processing
In eukaryotic cells, transcripts made by RNA polymerase are modified and processed before exiting the nucleus. Unprocessed RNA is called precursor mRNA or pre-mRNA to distinguish it from mature mRNA.
Once about 20-40 ribonucleotides have been joined together by RNA polymerase, a group of enzymes adds a “cap” to the 5’ end of the growing transcript. In this process, a 5’ phosphate is replaced by modified guanosine that has a methyl group attached to it (7-Methyl guanosine). This 5’ cap helps the...
Once about 20-40 ribonucleotides have been joined together by RNA polymerase, a group of enzymes adds a “cap” to the 5’ end of the growing transcript. In this process, a 5’ phosphate is replaced by modified guanosine that has a methyl group attached to it (7-Methyl guanosine). This 5’ cap helps the...
02:41Chromatin Structure Regulates pre-mRNA Processing
In eukaryotic cells, nascent mRNA transcripts need to undergo many post-transcriptional modifications to reach the cell cytoplasm and translate into functional proteins. For a long time, transcription and pre-mRNA processing were considered two independent events that occur sequentially in the cell. However, it has now been well established that transcription and pre-mRNA processing are two simultaneous processes that are precisely regulated inside the cell.
The chromatin structure, especially...
The chromatin structure, especially...
02:33Initiation of Translation
Initiating translation is complex because it involves multiple molecules. Initiator tRNA, ribosomal subunits, and eukaryotic initiation factors (eIFs) are all required to assemble on the initiation codon of mRNA. This process consists of several steps that are mediated by different eIFs.
First, the initiator tRNA must be selected from the pool of elongator tRNAs by eukaryotic initiation factor 2 (eIF2). The initiator tRNA (Met-tRNAi) has conserved sequence elements including modified bases at...
First, the initiator tRNA must be selected from the pool of elongator tRNAs by eukaryotic initiation factor 2 (eIF2). The initiator tRNA (Met-tRNAi) has conserved sequence elements including modified bases at...
01:35Pre-mRNA Processing: Modification of pre-mRNA Ends
In eukaryotic cells, transcripts made by RNA polymerase are modified and processed before exiting the nucleus. Unprocessed RNA is called precursor mRNA or pre-mRNA to distinguish it from mature mRNA.
Once about 20-40 ribonucleotides have been joined together by RNA polymerase, a group of enzymes adds a cap to the 5' end of the growing transcript. In this process, a 5' phosphate is replaced by modified guanosine that has a methyl group attached (7-methyl guanosine). This 5' cap helps the cell...
Once about 20-40 ribonucleotides have been joined together by RNA polymerase, a group of enzymes adds a cap to the 5' end of the growing transcript. In this process, a 5' phosphate is replaced by modified guanosine that has a methyl group attached (7-methyl guanosine). This 5' cap helps the cell...
02:33Initiation of Translation
Initiating translation is complex because it involves multiple molecules. Initiator tRNA, ribosomal subunits, and eukaryotic initiation factors (eIFs) are all required to assemble on the initiation codon of mRNA. This process consists of several steps that are mediated by different eIFs.
First, the initiator tRNA must be selected from the pool of elongator tRNAs by eukaryotic initiation factor 2 (eIF2). The initiator tRNA (Met-tRNAi) has conserved sequence elements including modified bases at...
First, the initiator tRNA must be selected from the pool of elongator tRNAs by eukaryotic initiation factor 2 (eIF2). The initiator tRNA (Met-tRNAi) has conserved sequence elements including modified bases at...