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相关概念视频

Translation01:31

Translation

Lesson: Translation
Translation is the process of synthesizing proteins from the genetic information carried by messenger RNA (mRNA). Following transcription, it constitutes the final step in the expression of genes. This process is carried out by ribosomes, complexes of protein and specialized RNA molecules. Ribosomes, transfer RNA (tRNA), and other proteins produce a chain of amino acids—the polypeptide—as the end product of translation.
Translation Produces the Building Blocks of Life
Translation01:31

Translation

Lesson: Translation
Translation is the process of synthesizing proteins from the genetic information carried by messenger RNA (mRNA). Following transcription, it constitutes the final step in the expression of genes. This process is carried out by ribosomes, complexes of protein and specialized RNA molecules. Ribosomes, transfer RNA (tRNA), and other proteins produce a chain of amino acids—the polypeptide—as the end product of translation.
Translation Produces the Building Blocks of Life
RNA Splicing01:32

RNA Splicing

Splicing is the process by which eukaryotic RNA is edited before its translation into protein. The RNA strand transcribed from eukaryotic DNA is called the primary transcript. The primary transcripts that become mRNAs are called precursor messenger RNAs (pre-mRNAs). Eukaryotic pre-mRNA contains alternating sequences of exons and introns. Exons are nucleotide sequences that code for proteins, whereas introns are the non-coding regions. In RNA splicing, introns are removed and exons are bonded...
Alternative RNA Splicing02:18

Alternative RNA Splicing

Alternative RNA splicing is the regulated splicing of exons and introns to produce different mature mRNAs from a single pre-mRNA. Unlike in constitutive splicing where a single gene produces a single type of mRNA, alternative splicing allows an organism to produce multiple proteins from a single gene and plays an important role in protein diversity.
There are five types of alternative RNA splicing that vary in the ways the pre-mRNA segments are removed or retained in the mature mRNA. The first...
Nucleotide Excision Repair01:38

Nucleotide Excision Repair

DNA Distortion and Damage
Cells are regularly exposed to mutagens—factors in the environment that can damage DNA and generate mutations. UV radiation is one of the most common mutagens and is estimated to introduce a significant number of changes in DNA. These include bends or kinks in the structure, which can block DNA replication or transcription. If these errors are not fixed, the damage can cause mutations, which in turn can result in cancer or disease depending on which sequences are...
Nucleotide Excision Repair01:08

Nucleotide Excision Repair

Overview

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相关实验视频

Updated: Jun 25, 2026

Measuring RAN Peptide Toxicity in C. elegans
10:49

Measuring RAN Peptide Toxicity in C. elegans

Published on: April 30, 2020

RNA和疾病的RNA和疾病的疾病

Thomas A Cooper1, Lili Wan, Gideon Dreyfuss

  • 1Department of Pathology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA. tcooper@bcm.tmc.edu

Cell
|February 26, 2009
PubMed
概括
此摘要是机器生成的。

细胞功能依赖于RNA-蛋白质复合体 (RNP). RNA或蛋白质的突变破坏RNP,导致疾病,但也提供了新的治疗点和基于RNA的工具.

更多相关视频

Targeted Next-generation Sequencing and Bioinformatics Pipeline to Evaluate Genetic Determinants of Constitutional Disease
09:34

Targeted Next-generation Sequencing and Bioinformatics Pipeline to Evaluate Genetic Determinants of Constitutional Disease

Published on: April 4, 2018

相关实验视频

Last Updated: Jun 25, 2026

Measuring RAN Peptide Toxicity in C. elegans
10:49

Measuring RAN Peptide Toxicity in C. elegans

Published on: April 30, 2020

Targeted Next-generation Sequencing and Bioinformatics Pipeline to Evaluate Genetic Determinants of Constitutional Disease
09:34

Targeted Next-generation Sequencing and Bioinformatics Pipeline to Evaluate Genetic Determinants of Constitutional Disease

Published on: April 4, 2018

科学领域:

  • 分子生物学分子生物学
  • 遗传学 是一个遗传学.
  • 生物化学 生物化学

背景情况:

  • 细胞功能由核糖核蛋白复合体 (RNP) 主导,包括RNA和RNA结合蛋白.
  • 由于突变,RNP组件或组装因子的破坏可能导致有害的细胞后果.
  • 替代拼接是微调转录组和蛋白质组的关键机制,但其复杂性增加了对引起疾病的突变的易感性.

研究的目的:

  • 突出RNA-蛋白相互作用在细胞功能中的关键作用.
  • 为了强调RNA突变与疾病之间的联系.
  • 强调从了解RNA生物学中产生的治疗潜力.

主要方法:

  • 该研究整合了分子生物学,遗传学和生物化学方面的知识.
  • 它审查了关于RNA生物学,核糖核蛋白复合体和替代拼接的现有文献.
  • 重点是分析突变对RNA和蛋白质组件的影响.

主要成果:

  • 影响RNA或RNP蛋白成分的突变会损害细胞功能.
  • 替代拼接,虽然对细胞调节至关重要,但呈现出许多突变和调节错误的点.
  • 在RNA中识别引起疾病的突变为新的治疗策略开辟了道路.

结论:

  • 了解RNA结合蛋白的复杂网络及其相互作用对于理解细胞健康和疾病至关重要.
  • 基于RNA的疗法正在成为一个有前途的前沿领域,这得益于RNA生物学和化学的进步.
  • 向RNA突变为开发各种疾病创新治疗方法提供了一个新的范式.