对减弱组织培养的天花疫苗LC16m8的临床和免疫反应
Tomoya Saito1, Tatsuya Fujii, Yasuhiro Kanatani
1Bio-preparedness Research Laboratory, Department of Tropical Medicine and Parasitology, School of Medicine, Keio University, Tokyo, Japan.
JAMA
|March 13, 2009
概括
在未接种疫苗的成年人中,LC16m8天花疫苗显示出高效率,并在之前接种疫苗的个体中提供了增强反应,没有严重的不良事件. 这种减弱的疫苗是潜在的生物恐怖主义对策.
科学领域:
- 疫苗学 疫苗学 疫苗学
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 预防传染病 预防传染病
背景情况:
- 在20世纪70年代,LC16m8天花疫苗是第三代减弱疫苗,在日本安全地给婴儿.
- 它的安全概况表明,在生物恐怖主义准备中具有潜在的实用性.
研究的目的:
- 评估LC16m8疫苗在未接种疫苗 (vaccinia-naive) 和先前接种疫苗的成年人中的免疫性和不良事件概况.
- 评估疫苗作为对抗天花生物恐怖主义的潜在对策的有效性.
主要方法:
- 一项涉及2002年至2005年期间日本自卫队1529名未接种疫苗和1692名先前接种疫苗的成年人的研究.
- 使用两叉针进行皮肤内注射LC16m8疫苗,然后评估皮肤反应 ("服用") 和中和抗体反应.
- 在接种疫苗后30天内对不良事件的监测.
主要成果:
- 观察到高比例的接种疫苗:94.4%的未接种疫苗和86.6%的先前接种疫苗的成年人.
- 在天真个体中显著的血清转化 (90.2%),在先前接种疫苗的人中有效的增强反应 (60.0%).
- 只有轻微的,自我限制的不良事件 (过敏性皮肤炎,多形红斑) 被怀疑,没有报告的严重事件.
结论:
- LC16m8疫苗显示出高免疫性,这一点在未接种疫苗的成年人中得到了显著的疫苗接种和血清转化.
- 它在部分先前接种疫苗的个体中引起了有效的增强反应.
- 该疫苗的有利安全性和免疫性支持其考虑天花预防策略,包括对生物恐怖主义的准备.
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