驱动快速激增的细胞会诱导马节奏,并控制感官反应
Jessica A Cardin1, Marie Carlén, Konstantinos Meletis
1McGovern Institute for Brain Research and Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA.
Nature
|April 28, 2009
概括
科学家因果测试了快速激增的内神经元在产生马振荡中的作用,这对于集中注意力至关重要. 激活这些特定的神经元放大了马活动,支持它们在大脑功能和疾病中的中心作用.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 计算神经科学是一种神经科学.
- 细胞神经科学 细胞神经科学
背景情况:
- 皮层马振荡 (20-80 Hz) 与集中注意力有关,在神经/精神疾病中受损.
- 现有的理论提出,快速升的抑制性内神经元通过同步节律抑制产生马振荡.
- 假设这种节律抑制能创造神经元组合同步,从而实现有效的激发.
研究的目的:
- 为了因果测试这样的假设,即快速激增的内部神经元会产生皮层的马振荡.
- 研究内部神经元与金字塔神经元对网络振荡的细胞类型特异性贡献.
- 为了确定细胞类型特定的激活是否可以在体内诱导不同的网络活动状态.
主要方法:
- 在体内光遗传学操纵,准快速激增的内神经元在皮层.
- 激活快速激增的内神经元,频率在8-200赫兹之间.
- 通过内部神经元激活与金字塔神经元激活进行马振荡放大的比较.
主要成果:
- 选择性光驱动激活各种频率的快速升的内部神经元,放大了马振荡.
- 金字塔神经元的激活有选择地放大了低频振荡,证明了细胞类型特定的解离.
- 相对于马周期,感觉输入的时间影响了唤起的神经反应的幅度和精度.
结论:
- 直接支持快速升的内部神经元-马假设,用于产生马振荡.
- 提供了第一个因果证据,即细胞类型特定的激活可以在体内诱导不同的网络活动状态.
- 突出了内部神经元-金字塔细胞相互作用在塑造网络动态和注意力的关键作用.
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