一个单个皮质神经元的突发突发突发改变了全球大脑状态
Cheng-Yu T Li1, Mu-Ming Poo, Yang Dan
1Division of Neurobiology, Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, Helen Wills Institute of Neuroscience, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|May 2, 2009
概括
一个单一的老鼠皮层神经元.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 计算神经科学是一种神经科学.
- 系统神经科学 系统神经科学
背景情况:
- 全球大脑活动模式与不同的动物兴奋和行为状态相关.
- 大脑中快速状态转换背后的机制尚未完全理解.
研究的目的:
- 为了研究一个单个皮质神经元是否可以诱导大脑中的状态切换.
- 探索单个神经元活动在调节动物行为状态中的作用.
主要方法:
- 利用单个大鼠皮质神经元的重复高频爆发.
- 监测神经元的膜潜力的变化 (上/下振荡与持续的UP状态).
- 在附近地区记录了皮质局部场潜力 (LFP) 的同时变化.
主要成果:
- 成功触发了类似于慢波和快速眼动睡眠的状态开关.
- 观察到神经元膜潜力的过渡,从缓慢的振荡到持续的UP状态,反之亦然.
- 在皮层LFP的时间模式中检测到相应的变化.
结论:
- 证明单个皮层神经元具有调节复杂行为状态的能力.
- 突出了单个神经元动态对全球大脑活动和状态过渡的重大影响.
- 提供了对大脑状态调节神经基础的新见解.
相关概念视频
01:28Neuronal Communication
Neurons, the fundamental units of the brain and nervous system, communicate through complex electrochemical signals that underpin all cognitive and bodily functions. This communication is primarily facilitated by a process involving the generation and propagation of an action potential along the axon of the neuron. When the internal electrical charge of a neuron surpasses a certain threshold, an action potential is triggered. This rapid change in voltage travels swiftly along the axon to the...
01:14Action Potential
Neurons communicate by firing action potentials—the electrochemical signal that is propagated along the axon. The signal results in the release of neurotransmitters at axon terminals, thereby transmitting information to the nervous system. An action potential is a specific "all-or-none" change in membrane potential that results in a rapid spike in voltage.
Membrane potential in neurons
Neurons typically have a resting membrane potential of about -70 millivolts (mV). When they receive...
Membrane potential in neurons
Neurons typically have a resting membrane potential of about -70 millivolts (mV). When they receive...
01:19The Role of Ion Channels in Neuronal Computation
A postsynaptic neuron usually receives numerous impulses from several other presynaptic neurons. The axon hillock of the postsynaptic neuron integrates all these signals and determines the likelihood of firing an action potential.
Sometimes a single EPSP is strong enough to induce an action potential in the postsynaptic neuron. However, multiple presynaptic inputs must often create EPSPs around the same time for the postsynaptic neuron to be sufficiently depolarized to fire an action potential.
Sometimes a single EPSP is strong enough to induce an action potential in the postsynaptic neuron. However, multiple presynaptic inputs must often create EPSPs around the same time for the postsynaptic neuron to be sufficiently depolarized to fire an action potential.