用转录因子识别DNA的多样性和复杂性
Gwenael Badis1, Michael F Berger, Anthony A Philippakis
1Banting and Best Department of Medical Research, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3E1, Canada.
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|May 16, 2009
概括
研究人员对104种小鼠蛋白质的DNA结合偏好进行了映射. 许多蛋白质识别了多样化的DNA序列动图,揭示了对基因调节至关重要的复杂基因组解释.
科学领域:
- 基因组学就是基因组学.
- 分子生物学分子生物学
- 生物信息学是一种生物信息学.
背景情况:
- 结合DNA的蛋白质对于解释基因组至关重要.
- 了解它们的序列偏好对于生理学,发育和进化至关重要.
- 对大多数蛋白质来说,对DNA结合特异性的全面实验数据是有限的.
研究的目的:
- 综合确定一大批小鼠DNA结合蛋白的DNA结合特异性.
- 探索这些蛋白质之间的序列识别的复杂性和多样性.
主要方法:
- 使用了含有所有可能的10个基对DNA序列的微阵列.
- 研究了104种不同的小鼠DNA结合蛋白的结合特异性.
- 代表了22个不同结构类的DNA结合蛋白.
主要成果:
- 揭示了复杂的DNA结合特征的景观.
- 几乎所有分析的蛋白质都表现出独特的结合偏好.
- 大约50%的蛋白质识别了多个不同的DNA序列模式.
结论:
- 这些发现挑战了当前对蛋白质-DNA相互作用的分子理解.
- 蛋白质的复杂DNA识别可能在基因调节中发挥重要作用.
- 这种复杂性可能对转录性监管网络的演变至关重要.
相关概念视频
01:30General Transcription Factors
Tissue-specific transcription factors contribute to diverse cellular functions in mammals. For example, the gene for beta globin, a major component of hemoglobin, is present in all cells of the body. However, it is only expressed in red blood cells because the transcription factors that can bind to the promoter sequences of the beta globin gene are only expressed in these cells. Tissue-specific transcription factors also ensure that mutations in these factors may impair only the function of...
02:16Transcription Factors
Tissue-specific transcription factors contribute to diverse cellular functions in mammals. For example, the gene for beta globin, a major component of hemoglobin, is present in all cells of the body. However, it is only expressed in red blood cells because the transcription factors that can bind to the promoter sequences of the beta globin gene are only expressed in these cells. Tissue-specific transcription factors also ensure that mutations in these factors may impair only the function of...
02:16Transcription Factors
Tissue-specific transcription factors contribute to diverse cellular functions in mammals. For example, the gene for beta globin, a major component of hemoglobin, is present in all cells of the body. However, it is only expressed in red blood cells because the transcription factors that can bind to the promoter sequences of the beta globin gene are only expressed in these cells. Tissue-specific transcription factors also ensure that mutations in these factors may impair only the function of...
02:13Cooperative Binding of Transcription Regulators
Transcriptional regulators bind to specific cis-regulatory sequences in the DNA to regulate gene transcription. These cis-regulatory sequences are very short, usually less than ten nucleotide pairs in length. The short length means that there is a high probability of the exact same sequence randomly occurring throughout the genome. Since regulators can also bind to groups of similar sequences, this further increases the chances of random binding. Transcriptional regulators form dimers that...
02:13Cooperative Binding of Transcription Regulators
Transcriptional regulators bind to specific cis-regulatory sequences in the DNA to regulate gene transcription. These cis-regulatory sequences are very short, usually less than ten nucleotide pairs in length. The short length means that there is a high probability of the exact same sequence randomly occurring throughout the genome. Since regulators can also bind to groups of similar sequences, this further increases the chances of random binding. Transcriptional regulators form dimers that...
02:36RNA Polymerase II Accessory Proteins
Proteins that regulate transcription can do so either via direct contact with RNA Polymerase or through indirect interactions facilitated by adaptors, mediators, histone-modifying proteins, and nucleosome remodelers. Direct interactions to activate transcription is seen in bacteria as well as in some eukaryotic genes. In these cases, upstream activation sequences are adjacent to the promoters, and the activator proteins interact directly with the transcriptional machinery. For example, in...