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Visualizing and Quantifying Endonuclease-Based Site-Specific DNA Damage
Published on: August 21, 2021
qiRNA是一种新型的小干扰RNA,由DNA损伤诱导
Heng-Chi Lee1, Shwu-Shin Chang, Swati Choudhary
1Department of Physiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, Texas 75390, USA.
Nature
|May 16, 2009
概括
在Neurospora crassa中,DNA损伤触发了称为qiRNAs的新型小RNAs的产生,这些RNAs与QDE-2相互作用. 这些qiRNAs对于DNA损伤反应至关重要,可能通过抑制蛋白质翻译.
科学领域:
- 分子生物学分子生物学
- 遗传学 是一个遗传学.
- 在RNA生物学,RNA生物学.
背景情况:
- RNA干扰 (RNAi) 途径利用小RNA来对真核生物进行基因沉默.
- 除了siRNAs和miRNAs,其他小RNAs还调节基因,生殖细胞和转子子.
- 异常RNAs (aRNAs) 是一些小RNAs的前体,但它们的合成和识别知之甚少.
研究的目的:
- 为了研究小RNA合成和识别对DNA损伤的反应机制.
- 确定新型的小RNA及其在真核生物中的作用,特别是Neurospora crassa.
- 阐明阿尔戈诺特蛋白QDE-2及其相关的小RNAs的功能.
主要方法:
- 在Neurospora crassa中诱导DNA损伤.
- 使用测序对小RNA群体的分析.
- 新型小RNAs (qiRNAs) 和它们的前体 (aRNAs) 的识别和表征.
- 对RNAi路径突变 (QDE-1,QDE-3) 和它们对DNA损伤的反应的遗传分析.
主要成果:
- DNA损伤诱导了QDE-2表达和一个新的20-21核酸小RNAs类别,称为qiRNAs.
- qiRNA的产生需要依赖RNA的RNA聚合酶QDE-1,酶QDE-3和dcers.
- qiRNA生物发生取决于DNA损伤诱导的aRNAs,由DNA依赖的RNA聚合酶 (可能是QDE-1) 合成.
- 神经RNAi突变体对DNA损伤的敏感性增加.
结论:
- 小RNA生物生成 (qiRNA) 的新途径被Neurospora crassa.中的DNA损伤激活.
- 源自核糖体DNA的qiRNAs是从DNA损伤诱导的aRNAs中处理的.
- 包括QDE-1和QDE-3在内的RNAi机制参与了qiRNA的产生和DNA损伤反应.
- qiRNAs可能通过调节蛋白质翻译在DNA损伤反应中发挥作用.
相关概念视频
RNA Interference
RNA interference (RNAi) is a process in which a small non-coding RNA molecule blocks the post-transcriptional expression of a gene by binding to its messenger RNA (mRNA) and preventing the protein from being translated.
This process occurs naturally in cells, often through the activity of genomically-encoded microRNAs. Researchers can take advantage of this mechanism by introducing synthetic RNAs to deactivate specific genes for research or therapeutic purposes. For example, RNAi could be used...
This process occurs naturally in cells, often through the activity of genomically-encoded microRNAs. Researchers can take advantage of this mechanism by introducing synthetic RNAs to deactivate specific genes for research or therapeutic purposes. For example, RNAi could be used...
RNA Interference
RNA interference (RNAi) is a process in which a small non-coding RNA molecule blocks the post-transcriptional expression of a gene by binding to its messenger RNA (mRNA) and preventing the protein from being translated.
This process occurs naturally in cells, often through the activity of genomically-encoded microRNAs. Researchers can take advantage of this mechanism by introducing synthetic RNAs to deactivate specific genes for research or therapeutic purposes. For example, RNAi could be used...
This process occurs naturally in cells, often through the activity of genomically-encoded microRNAs. Researchers can take advantage of this mechanism by introducing synthetic RNAs to deactivate specific genes for research or therapeutic purposes. For example, RNAi could be used...
Experimental RNAi
RNA interference (RNAi) is a cellular mechanism that inhibits gene expression by suppressing its transcription or activating the RNA degradation process. The mechanism was discovered by Andrew Fire and Craig Mello in 1998 in plants. Today, it is observed in almost all eukaryotes, including protozoa, flies, nematodes, insects, parasites, and mammals. This precise cellular mechanism of gene silencing has been developed into a technique that provides an efficient way to identify and determine the...
piRNA - Piwi-interacting RNAs
PIWI-interacting RNAs, or piRNAs, are the most abundant short non-coding RNAs. More than 20,000 genes have been found in humans that code for piRNAs while only 2000 genes have been found for miRNAs. piRNAs can act at the transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels and have a vital role in silencing transposable elements present in germ cells. They are also involved in epigenetic silencing and activation. Previously, they were thought to function only in germ cells but new evidence suggests...
siRNA - Small Interfering RNAs
Small interfering RNAs, or siRNAs, are short regulatory RNA molecules that can silence genes post-transcriptionally, as well as the transcriptional level in some cases. siRNAs are important for protecting cells against viral infections and silencing transposable genetic elements.
In the cytoplasm, siRNA is processed from a double-stranded RNA, which comes from either endogenous DNA transcription or exogenous sources like a virus. This double-stranded RNA is then cleaved by the ATP-dependent...
In the cytoplasm, siRNA is processed from a double-stranded RNA, which comes from either endogenous DNA transcription or exogenous sources like a virus. This double-stranded RNA is then cleaved by the ATP-dependent...
Small interfering RNAs (siRNA)
Small interfering RNAs, or siRNAs, are short regulatory RNA molecules that can silence genes post-transcriptionally, as well as the transcriptional level in some cases. siRNAs are important for protecting cells against viral infections and silencing transposable genetic elements.
In the cytoplasm, siRNA is processed from a double-stranded RNA, which comes from either endogenous DNA transcription or exogenous sources like a virus. This double-stranded RNA is then cleaved by the ATP-dependent...
In the cytoplasm, siRNA is processed from a double-stranded RNA, which comes from either endogenous DNA transcription or exogenous sources like a virus. This double-stranded RNA is then cleaved by the ATP-dependent...

