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Peng Guo¹, Masayuki Hirano, Brantley R Herrin

¹Emory Vaccine Center and Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University, 1462 Clifton Road North-East, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, USA.

|May 29, 2009

概括

没有的脊椎动物具有明显的T型和B型淋巴细胞,它们利用可变淋巴细胞受体 (VLR) 进行免疫反应. 这些发现揭示了适应性免疫的进化起源.

科学领域:

免疫学免疫学免疫学
进化生物学进化生物学
进行比较基因组学.

背景情况:

没有的脊椎动物利用可变的淋巴细胞受体 (VLR) 进行抗原识别,与使用基于免疫球蛋白的受体的的脊椎动物不同.
通过将可变的氨酸丰富重复 (LRR) 序列插入生殖系VLRA和VLRB基因,体内组装VLR基因.

研究的目的:

调查海中的VLRA和VLRB淋巴细胞的不同作用和特征.
了解无和有的脊椎动物适应性免疫系统之间的进化关系.

主要方法:

在海中分析表达VLRA或VLRB的淋巴细胞群.
评估基因表达特征,包括细胞因子脱氨酶1 (CDA1) 和2 (CDA2).
评估淋巴细胞增殖和抗原结合能力,以应对刺激.

主要成果:

海灯表现出单独的淋巴细胞群体,分别表达VLRA或VLRB,以及CDA1或CDA2.
VLRA(+) 和VLRB(+) 淋巴细胞表现出不同的基因表达模式,反映了哺乳动物的T细胞和B细胞.
VLRB淋巴细胞与原生抗原结合并产生抗体,而VLRA淋巴细胞对T细胞辅原体作出反应,并表达像IL-17和MIF这样的促炎细胞因子.

结论:

在鱼中鉴定T型和B型淋巴细胞为适应性免疫的演变提供了关键的见解.
这一发现表明,适应性免疫的关键组成部分在脊椎动物出现之前就已经进化了.

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