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野生黑猩猩感染SIVcpz的死亡率增加和类似艾滋病的免疫病理

Brandon F Keele¹, James Holland Jones, Karen A Terio

¹Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama 35294, USA.

|July 24, 2009

概括

猿类免疫缺陷病毒 (SIVs) 通常不会伤害它们的宿主,但这项研究表明,SIVcpz,HIV-1的前体,导致爱滋病和黑猩猩的过早死亡,挑战了以前的信念.

科学领域:

灵长类病毒学
免疫缺陷病毒免疫缺陷病毒
疾病生态学疾病生态学

背景情况:

超过40种猿类免疫缺陷病毒 (SIVs) 感染非洲灵长类动物.
两个SIV进化为人类免疫缺陷病毒 (HIV-1和HIV-2).
在它们的自然宿主中,SIVs通常被认为是非致病的.

研究的目的:

在野生黑猩猩中调查SIVcpz的致病性,这是HIV-1的前体.
确定SIVcpz感染对黑猩猩健康,繁殖和生存的影响.

主要方法:

在坦桑尼亚冈贝国家公园对94只黑猩猩进行了长度研究,持续了9年.
对感染与未感染的黑猩猩的死亡率,生殖成功和婴儿死亡率的分析.
对感染和未感染的黑猩猩的淋巴状组织 (脏,淋巴结) 的组织病理学检查.

主要成果:

受SIVcpz感染的黑猩猩的年龄纠正死亡风险高10至16倍.
受感染的女性的出生率下降,婴儿死亡率增加.
在感染个体中观察到显著的CD4 ((+) T细胞枯竭和淋巴组织破坏.

结论:

在自由散居的黑猩猩中,SIVcpz具有致病性,导致逐渐的CD4 ((+) T细胞损失和过早死亡.
这些发现与所有自然SIV感染都是非致病性的观念相矛盾.
SIVcpz显著影响黑猩猩的健康,生殖和寿命,类似于人类的HIV-1.

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