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无规模网络:十年以后的未来
1Center for Complex Network Research, Department of Physics, Biology, and Computer Science, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, USA. alb@neu.edu
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|July 25, 2009
概括
像细胞和互联网这样的复杂系统被认为是随机的. 最近的网络科学研究揭示了跨多种系统的通用架构,挑战了这一假设.
科学领域:
- 网络科学 网络科学
- 复杂系统分析 复杂系统分析
- 计算社会科学 计算社会科学
背景情况:
- 从历史上看,复杂的系统 (例如,生物细胞,社交网络,互联网) 被认为具有随机的相互连接.
- 这一假设已经被十多年的研究挑战了,这些研究表明了跨多种系统的共同网络架构.
研究的目的:
- 突出网络科学作为一个统一的范式的出现.
- 为了强调发现的意义,如在这个领域的无尺度网络.
主要方法:
- 审查最近的网络理论研究.
- 来自各种复杂系统的经验数据的分析.
- 网络结构的理论建模.网络结构的理论建模.
主要成果:
- 在现实世界网络中识别通用架构原则.
- 向类似的网络结构趋同的证明,无论系统类型,年龄或功能如何.
- 验证网络理论作为一个共同的跨学科框架.
结论:
- 复杂系统的随机布线假设在很大程度上是不准确的.
- 网络科学为理解多样化的系统提供了一个强大的,统一的框架.
- 无尺度网络的发现对于建立网络科学至关重要.
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