在瑞士高海拔地区,冠心病和中风的死亡率较低
David Faeh1, Felix Gutzwiller, Matthias Bopp
1University of Zurich, Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, Hirschengraben 84, 8001 Zürich, Switzerland.
Circulation
|July 29, 2009
概括
居住在较高的海拔地区与较低的冠心病和中风死亡率有关. 出生在高海拔地区提供了额外的保护,这表明气候因素可能起到作用.
科学领域:
- 环境健康 环境健康
- 心血管流行病学心血管流行病学
- 地理医学 地理医学
背景情况:
- 之前关于海拔高度和心血管疾病的研究由于人口异质性和生态设计而产生了相互矛盾的结果.
- 出生地高度对心血管疾病死亡率的影响被低估了.
- 这项研究调查了冠心病和中风死亡率与居住和出生高度的关系.
研究的目的:
- 评估居住高度与冠心病和中风死亡率之间的关联.
- 确定出生地高度对心血管疾病死亡率的影响.
- 探索潜在的混因素和潜在的机制,如气候.
主要方法:
- 利用了来自瑞士国家队列的数据,这是一项基于人口普查的纵向研究.
- 分析了生活在259至1960米高处的164万个 (40-84岁) 个体的死亡率数据 (1990-2000年).
- 采用多变量波桑回归来计算相对风险,调整社会人口统计信息和出生地.
主要成果:
- 冠状动脉心脏病的死亡率每增加1000米的高度下降了22%.
- 脑卒中死亡率每增加1000米的高度下降12%.
- 出生在高于或低于居住高度的个人显示死亡风险发生变化.
结论:
- 居住在较高的海拔地区显示出对冠状动脉疾病和中风死亡率的一致的保护作用,独立于混因素.
- 在高海拔地区出生为冠心病死亡率提供了额外的,独立的好处.
- 观察到的保护作用不太可能归因于传统的心血管风险因素,这表明气候影响可能是显著的.
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