重建全球渔业 全球渔业的重建
Boris Worm1, Ray Hilborn, Julia K Baum
1Biology Department, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS B3H 4J1, Canada. bworm@dal.ca
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|August 1, 2009
概括
海洋生态系统的恢复和渔业的重建正在取得进展,一些地区的开采率正在下降. 然而,许多鱼类资源仍然需要重建,需要定制的保护战略和全球合作.
科学领域:
- 海洋生物学 海洋生物学
- 渔业 科学 渔业 科学
- 保护生态学保护生态学
背景情况:
- 海洋生态系统和渔业一直受到历史上过度开发的影响.
- 全球越来越需要恢复海洋环境和重建鱼类种群.
研究的目的:
- 从保护和开发的角度分析海洋生态系统健康和渔业状况的当前趋势.
- 评估全球正在进行的修复和重建工作的有效性.
主要方法:
- 在深入研究的海洋生态系统中分析渔业利用率.
- 评估全球鱼类资源状况和重建需求.
- 综合渔业和保护目标的各种管理行动的审查.
主要成果:
- 在10个研究的生态系统中,有5个生态系统的平均利用率最近有所下降.
- 现在有七个系统的开采率达到或低于最大可持续收益率.
- 在全球范围内,63%的评估鱼类种群仍然需要重建,脆弱物种需要更低的捕捞率.
结论:
- 为了实现渔业和保护目标的结合,需要整合各种管理策略,如捕捞限制,轮变换和海洋保护区.
- 国际船队的影响和较贫穷地区渔业替代品的有限存在挑战.
- 全球视角对于成功的海洋资源重建至关重要.
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