C3PO是一种内啡核糖酶,通过促进RISC激活来促进RNAi
Ying Liu1, Xuecheng Ye, Feng Jiang
1Department of Biochemistry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA.
概括
研究人员确定了C3PO,一种蛋白质复合体,作为RNA诱导沉默复合体 (RISC) 的关键激活剂. C3PO通过去除特定的RNA片段来促进RNA干扰 (RNAi),增强基因沉默.
科学领域:
- 分子生物学分子生物学
- 生物化学 生物化学
- 遗传学 遗传学 是一个
背景情况:
- RNA干扰 (RNAi) 是一个关键的基因调节机制.
- RNA诱导的沉默复合体 (RISC) 是RNAi的核心,它调解了目标mRNA的分裂.
- 了解RISC组装和激活是利用RNAi技术的关键.
研究的目的:
- 为了在体外复制核心RNA诱导沉默复合物 (RISC).
- 为了确定RISC活动的新型监管者.
- 为了阐明RISC激活的机制.
主要方法:
- 使用重组多虫蛋白质:Dicer-2,R2D2和Ago2.2重建RISC活动.
- 使用复合系统净化RISC相关因子.
- 生物化学试验以描述纯化因子的功能.
主要成果:
- 从纯化的成分成功地在体外复制了RISC活性.
- 鉴定并净化了一种名为C3PO的新型RISC激活复合物 (RISC的组分3促进剂),由Translin和Trax组成.
- 证明C3PO是一种依赖Mg2+的内核酶,可以切割siRNA乘客链.
- 表明C3PO通过去除乘客裂开产品来促进RISC激活.
结论:
- 建立了一个功能性的体外系统,用于重建RNAi核心机械.
- 确定C3PO是RISC的关键激活剂,对于有效的RNA干扰至关重要.
- 在siRNA乘客链上C3PO的酶活性对RISC功能至关重要.
相关概念视频
RNA Interference
RNA interference (RNAi) is a process in which a small non-coding RNA molecule blocks the post-transcriptional expression of a gene by binding to its messenger RNA (mRNA) and preventing the protein from being translated.
This process occurs naturally in cells, often through the activity of genomically-encoded microRNAs. Researchers can take advantage of this mechanism by introducing synthetic RNAs to deactivate specific genes for research or therapeutic purposes. For example, RNAi could be used...
This process occurs naturally in cells, often through the activity of genomically-encoded microRNAs. Researchers can take advantage of this mechanism by introducing synthetic RNAs to deactivate specific genes for research or therapeutic purposes. For example, RNAi could be used...
RNA Interference
RNA interference (RNAi) is a process in which a small non-coding RNA molecule blocks the post-transcriptional expression of a gene by binding to its messenger RNA (mRNA) and preventing the protein from being translated.
This process occurs naturally in cells, often through the activity of genomically-encoded microRNAs. Researchers can take advantage of this mechanism by introducing synthetic RNAs to deactivate specific genes for research or therapeutic purposes. For example, RNAi could be used...
This process occurs naturally in cells, often through the activity of genomically-encoded microRNAs. Researchers can take advantage of this mechanism by introducing synthetic RNAs to deactivate specific genes for research or therapeutic purposes. For example, RNAi could be used...
Experimental RNAi
RNA interference (RNAi) is a cellular mechanism that inhibits gene expression by suppressing its transcription or activating the RNA degradation process. The mechanism was discovered by Andrew Fire and Craig Mello in 1998 in plants. Today, it is observed in almost all eukaryotes, including protozoa, flies, nematodes, insects, parasites, and mammals. This precise cellular mechanism of gene silencing has been developed into a technique that provides an efficient way to identify and determine the...
siRNA - Small Interfering RNAs
Small interfering RNAs, or siRNAs, are short regulatory RNA molecules that can silence genes post-transcriptionally, as well as the transcriptional level in some cases. siRNAs are important for protecting cells against viral infections and silencing transposable genetic elements.
In the cytoplasm, siRNA is processed from a double-stranded RNA, which comes from either endogenous DNA transcription or exogenous sources like a virus. This double-stranded RNA is then cleaved by the ATP-dependent...
In the cytoplasm, siRNA is processed from a double-stranded RNA, which comes from either endogenous DNA transcription or exogenous sources like a virus. This double-stranded RNA is then cleaved by the ATP-dependent...
piRNA - Piwi-interacting RNAs
PIWI-interacting RNAs, or piRNAs, are the most abundant short non-coding RNAs. More than 20,000 genes have been found in humans that code for piRNAs while only 2000 genes have been found for miRNAs. piRNAs can act at the transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels and have a vital role in silencing transposable elements present in germ cells. They are also involved in epigenetic silencing and activation. Previously, they were thought to function only in germ cells but new evidence suggests...
Ribozymes
The term ribozyme is used for RNA that can act as an enzyme. Ribozymes are mainly found in selected viruses, bacteria, plant organelles, and lower eukaryotes. Ribozymes were first discovered in 1982 when Tom Cech’s laboratory observed Group I introns acting as enzymes. This was shortly followed by the discovery of another ribozyme, Ribonulcease P, by Sid Altman’s laboratory. Both Cech and Altman received the Nobel Prize in chemistry in 1989 for their work on ribozymes.
Ribozymes can be...
Ribozymes can be...

