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相关概念视频

Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells01:13

Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells

Stem cells are undifferentiated cells that divide and produce different types of cells. Ordinarily, cells that have differentiated into a specific cell type are post-mitotic—that is, they no longer divide. However, scientists have found a way to reprogram these mature cells so that they “de-differentiate” and return to an unspecialized, proliferative state. These cells are also pluripotent like embryonic stem cells—able to produce all cell types—and are therefore called induced pluripotent stem...
Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells01:06

Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells

Stem cells are undifferentiated cells that divide and produce different cell types. Ordinarily, cells that have differentiated into a specific cell type are terminally differentiated; however, scientists have found a way to reprogram these mature cells so that they dedifferentiate and return to an unspecialized, proliferative state. These cells are pluripotent like embryonic stem cells—able to produce all cell types—and are called induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs).
Somatic cells are...
Somatic to iPS Cell Reprogramming01:29

Somatic to iPS Cell Reprogramming

Reprogramming alters the gene expression in somatic cells, transforming them into induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells over several generations. Scientists can reprogram cells by introducing genes for four transcription factors—Oct4, Sox2, Klf4, and c-Myc (OSKM) by viral or non-viral methods. These factors are also known as Yamanaka factors after Shinya Yamanaka, who first generated iPS cells using mouse skin cells. Yamanaka was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 2012 for this...
Chromatin Modification in iPS Cells01:32

Chromatin Modification in iPS Cells

Chromatin modification alters gene expression; therefore, scientists can add histone-modifying enzymes, histone variants, and chromatin remodeling complexes to somatic cells to aid reprogramming into pluripotent stem (iPS) cells.
Compact chromatin makes reprogramming difficult. Enzymes, such as histone demethylases and acetyltransferases, are often added during reprogramming to loosen the chromatin, making the DNA more accessible to transcription factors. Molecules that inhibit histone...
iPS Cell Differentiation01:22

iPS Cell Differentiation

The ability of induced pluripotent stem cells or iPSCs to differentiate into most body cell types has stimulated repair and regenerative medicine research over the past few decades. iPSC-derived blood cells, hepatocytes, beta islet cells, cardiomyocytes, neurons, and other cell types can repair injuries or regenerate damaged tissue in diseases such as diabetes and neurodegenerative disorders.
Methods of Nuclear Reprogramming01:24

Methods of Nuclear Reprogramming

Nuclear reprogramming is a process of transforming one cell type into an unrelated cell type by epigenetic changes that alter the cell’s original gene expression pattern. Such epigenetic changes force cells to express a different set of genes, which play a significant role in inducing transformation into other cell types. Nuclear reprogramming offers applications in reproductive cloning for livestock propagation and regenerative medicine — developing patient-specific cells for injury repair.

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相关实验视频

Updated: May 11, 2026

Reprogramming Human Somatic Cells into Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells (iPSCs) Using Retroviral Vector with GFP
08:25

Reprogramming Human Somatic Cells into Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells (iPSCs) Using Retroviral Vector with GFP

Published on: April 3, 2012

永生化消除了细胞重编程成iPS细胞期间的障碍.

Jochen Utikal1, Jose M Polo, Matthias Stadtfeld

  • 1Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center and Center for Regenerative Medicine, Harvard Stem Cell Institute, 185 Cambridge Street, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, USA.

Nature
|August 12, 2009
PubMed
概括
此摘要是机器生成的。

将体细胞重新编程成诱导多能干细胞 (iPS) 通过克服衰老而加速. 失去Arf-Trp53通路可以提高iPS细胞生成效率和动力学.

更多相关视频

Efficient iPS Cell Generation from Blood Using Episomes and HDAC Inhibitors
08:14

Efficient iPS Cell Generation from Blood Using Episomes and HDAC Inhibitors

Published on: October 28, 2014

Generation of Integration-free Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells from Human Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells Using Episomal Vectors
09:45

Generation of Integration-free Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells from Human Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells Using Episomal Vectors

Published on: January 1, 2017

相关实验视频

Last Updated: May 11, 2026

Reprogramming Human Somatic Cells into Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells (iPSCs) Using Retroviral Vector with GFP
08:25

Reprogramming Human Somatic Cells into Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells (iPSCs) Using Retroviral Vector with GFP

Published on: April 3, 2012

Efficient iPS Cell Generation from Blood Using Episomes and HDAC Inhibitors
08:14

Efficient iPS Cell Generation from Blood Using Episomes and HDAC Inhibitors

Published on: October 28, 2014

Generation of Integration-free Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells from Human Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells Using Episomal Vectors
09:45

Generation of Integration-free Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells from Human Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells Using Episomal Vectors

Published on: January 1, 2017

科学领域:

  • 细胞重新编程的细胞重编程.
  • 干细胞生物学 干细胞生物学
  • 癌症生物学 癌症生物学

背景情况:

  • 体细胞重编程成诱导多能干细胞 (iPS) 是低效和缓慢的.
  • 衰老,一种复制性停止的状态,阻碍了重新编程的效率.
  • 对有效重编程的具体障碍在很大程度上是未知的.

研究的目的:

  • 研究细胞衰老和Arf-Trp53通路在体细胞重编程中的作用.
  • 确定增强iPS细胞生成效率和动力学的因素.
  • 阐明细胞不朽性和多能性获得之间的关系.

主要方法:

  • 利用初级小鼠纤维细胞和不朽化的细胞系.
  • 操纵了p19的表达 (Arf) 和Arf-Trp53通路的组件.
  • 评估了iPS细胞殖民地形成效率和动力学.
  • 在特定细胞亚群中使用Trp53 (p53) 的遗传除.

主要成果:

  • 纤维细胞的p19 ((Arf) 水平较低或Arf-Trp53通路缺乏,其重编程动力学速度高达三倍,效率显著提高.
  • 对Trp53 (p53) 的急性遗传切除挽救了以其他方式不可重编程的细胞亚群的重编程能力.
  • 获得细胞不朽性被认为是建立多能性的关键,限制速度的步骤.

结论:

  • Arf-Trp53通路作为有效的体细胞重编程的重要障碍.
  • 克服衰老和实现细胞不朽对于增强iPS细胞生成至关重要.
  • 诱导的多能性与瘤发生有着根本的相似之处,特别是在获得不朽的方面.