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坚持地中海饮食,认知能力下降,以及痴呆的风险
Catherine Féart1, Cécilia Samieri, Virginie Rondeau
1Research Center INSERM U897, Université Victor Segalen Bordeaux 2, Bordeaux, France. catherine.feart@isped.u-bordeaux2.fr
JAMA
|August 13, 2009
概括
坚持地中海饮食的程度更高与老年人认知能力下降的速度更慢有关,特别是在迷你精神状态检查 (MMSE) 上. 然而,这种饮食并没有显著降低法国队伍中痴呆风险.
科学领域:
- 老年学和营养流行病学.
- 认知神经科学 认知神经科学
- 公共卫生 营养 公共卫生 营养
背景情况:
- 地中海饮食与降低死亡率和慢性疾病风险有关.
- 它对老年人认知能力下降和痴呆风险的影响尚不完全理解.
研究的目的:
- 检查地中海饮食的坚持与认知表现变化之间的关联.
- 研究地中海饮食与法国老年参与者的痴呆风险之间的关系.
主要方法:
- 一项针对1410名65岁以上的法国成年人进行的前性队列研究 (三城队列).
- 用食物频率问卷和24小时回忆来评估饮食坚持,得分从0到9.
- 认知功能通过四项神经心理测试在至少5年内进行评估;痴呆病例由专家神经病学家验证.
主要成果:
- 增加地中海饮食的坚持与较少的迷你精神状态检查 (MMSE) 错误相关 (P=.04).
- 在艾萨克斯设定测试,本顿视觉保留测试或自由和指令选择性提醒测试中,饮食坚持和表现变化之间没有发现显著的关联.
- 在5年来没有痴呆症的参与者中,更高的坚持与MMSE衰退速度较慢以及更好的自由和有线选择性提醒测试分数 (P=.04) 相关.
- 遵守地中海饮食并没有与降低发病痴呆的风险相关 (HR=1.12,P=.72).
结论:
- 较高的地中海饮食坚持与较慢的认知衰退有关,特别是在MMSE上,在老年人中.
- 地中海饮食没有显示出与该队列中患痴呆症风险降低的显著关联.
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