南非非传染性疾病的负担
Bongani M Mayosi1, Alan J Flisher, Umesh G Lalloo
1Department of Medicine, Groote Schuur Hospital and University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa. bongani.mayosi@uct.ac.za
Lancet (London, England)
|August 28, 2009
概括
南非面临着四倍的疾病负担,不断增加的非传染性疾病 (NCD) 给医疗保健带来了压力. 解决这一问题需要加强初级保健和整合慢性疾病和艾滋病毒/艾滋病服务.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 卫生系统研究 卫生系统研究
背景情况:
- 南非在民主化后的15年中正经历着重大的健康转型.
- 疾病的四倍负担 (传染性疾病,非传染性疾病,产前/产后疾病,伤害) 是这种转型的特征.
- 非传染性疾病 (NCD) 在城市和农村地区越来越普遍,特别影响贫困的城市人口.
研究的目的:
- 突出南非疾病负担增加四倍的日益挑战.
- 强调由于非传染性疾病而对医疗保健服务的压力日益增加.
- 呼吁采取全面的国家应对措施来管理艾滋病毒/艾滋病和非传染性疾病的综合负担.
主要方法:
- 分析人口变化和艾滋病毒/艾滋病对预期寿命的影响.
- 评估随着抗逆转录病毒治疗的推出,预计疾病负担的增加.
- 审查疾病的初级和二级预防所需的干预措施.
主要成果:
- 人口变化,包括人口老龄化,导致非传染性疾病的增加.
- 抗逆转录病毒疗法在减少艾滋病毒/艾滋病死亡率方面的有效性预计将增加非传染性疾病的负担.
- 现有的医疗保健系统面临着传染性和非传染性疾病日益增加的压力.
结论:
- 南非的卫生系统必须适应复杂且日益增长的疾病负担.
- 加强以地区为基础的初级医疗保健对于综合性慢性病管理至关重要.
- 需要一项国家倡议,建立针对传染性和非传染性疾病综合护理的卓越中心.
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