爬行动物的心脏发育和心室进化的分子基础
Kazuko Koshiba-Takeuchi1, Alessandro D Mori, Bogac L Kaynak
1Gladstone Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, San Francisco, California 94158, USA.
Nature
|September 4, 2009
概括
T-box转录因子基因Tbx5在心脏发育中起着至关重要的作用. 与哺乳动物相比,爬行动物的表达模式揭示了胚胎心室和心脏隔离进化的分子机制.
科学领域:
- 进化发育生物学 进化发育生物学
- 心血管系统的演变
- 分子遗传学 分子遗传学
背景情况:
- 地球上的生命需要先进的循环系统,导致鸟类和哺乳动物进化出四室心脏.
- 胚胎心脏的进化轨迹,特别是心室隔离,仍然不完全理解.
- 爬行动物心室结构是有争议的,有关于单个与不完全隔膜心室的问题.
研究的目的:
- 为了研究基因表达在爬行动物心脏进化过程中的心室发育中的作用.
- 为了比较心室发育和T盒转录因子基因Tbx5表达在海和鱼与已知的模式在哺乳动物和鸟类.
- 阐明背后的腹腔隔离和胚胎心脏的演变的分子机制.
主要方法:
- 检查了红耳滑 (Trachemys scripta elegans) 和绿色 (Anolis carolinensis) 的心脏发育和Tbx5基因表达.
- 将爬行动物Tbx5表达模式与鸟类和哺乳动物模型中的表达模式进行比较.
- 在小鼠模型中利用基因淘汰 (Tbx5损失) 和错误表达研究来评估心室隔离中的Tbx5功能.
主要成果:
- 乌和子胚胎最初在发育中的心室中显示同质的Tbx5表达,与哺乳动物和鸟类的左心室受限表达不同.
- 在海中,Tbx5的表达变得局限于左心室,形成左右梯度,但在上并非如此.
- 在小鼠模型中,Tbx5的丢失或错误表达导致单一的,未经隔离的心室腔室,突出了Tbx5在模式和隔离中的关键作用.
结论:
- 一个的,正确的Tbx5梯度是建立心室隔离的必要条件.
- 在进化过程中,Tbx5表达的精细化可能有助于胚胎体内独特心室的发展.
- 像Tbx5这样的发育调节者的改变表达提供了脊椎动物进化,包括心脏发育的关键分子机制.
相关概念视频
Chambers of the Heart
10.0K
The human heart is a complex organ made up of four chambers: the right and left atria and the right and left ventricles. These internal chambers are separated by partitions known as the interatrial and interventricular septa. The exterior of the heart features a groove known as the coronary sulcus that demarcates the atria from the ventricles, while the anterior and posterior interventricular sulci distinguish between the two ventricles.
Deoxygenated blood from the body is received in the right...
Deoxygenated blood from the body is received in the right...
10.0K
Development of the Heart
3.9K
The development of the human heart, a crucial organ, commences from the mesoderm on the 18th or 19th day after fertilization. This process initiates in the cardiogenic area, a group of mesodermal cells at the embryo's head end, which evolves into elongated strands known as cardiogenic cords. These cords undergo a transformation to form hollow-centered endocardial tubes.
As the embryo undergoes lateral folding, these paired tubes approach each other, merging into a single primitive heart...
As the embryo undergoes lateral folding, these paired tubes approach each other, merging into a single primitive heart...
3.9K
Anatomy of the Heart
6.1K
The heart is a hollow, muscular organ approximately the size of a fist, consisting of four chambers. It is enclosed in the pericardium, a fibrous sac with two layers: the visceral and parietal pericardium, separated by a fluid-filled space containing serous fluid to reduce friction.
The heart has three layers: the innermost endocardium, the muscular myocardium, and the outer epicardium, all working together for optimal cardiac function.
Chambers of the Heart
The heart is made up of four...
The heart has three layers: the innermost endocardium, the muscular myocardium, and the outer epicardium, all working together for optimal cardiac function.
Chambers of the Heart
The heart is made up of four...
6.1K


