被动吸烟和心脏病. 流行病学,生理学和生物化学
1Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco 94143-0124.
Circulation
|January 1, 1991
概括
二手烟 (ETS) 在非吸烟者中显著增加心脏病风险,类似于将其与肺癌联系在一起的证据. 这种暴露会导致生理损伤,使被动吸烟成为可预防的首要死亡原因.
科学领域:
- 环境健康 环境健康
- 心血管疾病流行病学
- 毒理学 毒理学 毒理学
背景情况:
- 环境烟草烟雾 (ETS) 是健康非吸烟者肺癌的已知危险因素.
- 证据将ETS与心脏病死亡风险增加联系起来是实质性的,与早期关于肺癌的发现相比较.
- 在美国,被动吸烟是可预防的死亡原因之一.
研究的目的:
- 评估环境烟草烟雾 (ETS) 增加非吸烟者的心脏病死亡风险的证据.
- 提出流行病学,生理学和生物化学数据,支持ETS和心血管疾病之间的因果关系.
- 为了突出非吸烟者与吸烟者相比,ETS的风险不成比例.
主要方法:
- 对10项关于ETS暴露和非吸烟者的缺血性心脏病或心肌梗塞风险的流行病学研究的综述.
- 分析生理和生化数据,证明ETS对心血管系统的不良影响.
- 检查与ETS组件相关的动物实验和细胞呼吸研究.
主要成果:
- 暴露于ETS的非吸烟者显示,因缺血性心脏病或心肌梗塞死亡的风险增加了30%左右.
- 存在剂量反应关系,较高的ETS暴露与较高的心脏病死亡风险相关.
- ETS对血小板功能产生不利影响,损害动脉内皮,损害氧气利用,加速动脉样硬化发展.
结论:
- 环境烟草烟雾 (ETS) 是非吸烟者心脏病的直接原因.
- 非吸烟者对ETS的心血管影响比吸烟者更敏感.
- 由ETS引起的心脏病导致大量死亡,使被动吸烟成为一个主要的公共卫生问题.
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