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相关概念视频

Termination of Translation01:44

Termination of Translation

The large ribosomal subunit has several important structures essential to translation. These include the peptidyl transferase center (PTC) - which is the site where the peptide bond is formed - and a large, internal, water-filled tube through which the nascent polypeptide moves. This latter structure is called the Peptide Exit Tunnel, and it begins at the PTC and spans the body of the large ribosomal subunit. During translation, as the nascent polypeptide chain is synthesized, it passes through...
Improving Translational Accuracy02:07

Improving Translational Accuracy

Base complementarity between the three base pairs of mRNA codon and the tRNA anticodon is not a failsafe mechanism. Inaccuracies can range from a single mismatch to no correct base pairing at all. The free energy difference between the correct and nearly correct base pairs can be as small as 3 kcal/ mol. With complementarity being the only proofreading step, the estimated error frequency would be one wrong amino acid in every 100 amino acids incorporated. However, error frequencies observed in...
Initiation of Translation02:33

Initiation of Translation

Initiating translation is complex because it involves multiple molecules. Initiator tRNA, ribosomal subunits, and eukaryotic initiation factors (eIFs) are all required to assemble on the initiation codon of mRNA. This process consists of several steps that are mediated by different eIFs.
First, the initiator tRNA must be selected from the pool of elongator tRNAs by eukaryotic initiation factor 2 (eIF2). The initiator tRNA (Met-tRNAi) has conserved sequence elements including modified bases at...
Initiation of Translation02:33

Initiation of Translation

Initiating translation is complex because it involves multiple molecules. Initiator tRNA, ribosomal subunits, and eukaryotic initiation factors (eIFs) are all required to assemble on the initiation codon of mRNA. This process consists of several steps that are mediated by different eIFs.
First, the initiator tRNA must be selected from the pool of elongator tRNAs by eukaryotic initiation factor 2 (eIF2). The initiator tRNA (Met-tRNAi) has conserved sequence elements including modified bases at...
Cotranslational Protein Translocation01:20

Cotranslational Protein Translocation

Translocation of proteins across membranes is an ancient process that occurs even in bacteria and archaebacteria. In fact, the components of the translocation machinery are still conserved between prokaryotes and eukaryotes.
Sec61 channel partners for cotranslational translocation
During cotranslational translocation, the Sec61 channel partners with the signal recognition particle (SRP), the signal recognition particle receptor (SR), and the ribosomes to transport the nascent polypeptide chain...
Bacterial Protein Maturation01:26

Bacterial Protein Maturation

Bacterial protein maturation is a tightly regulated process that ensures newly synthesized polypeptides achieve correct functional conformations. This maturation involves a series of modifications, folding events, and quality control steps, often assisted by specialized chaperone proteins.N-Terminal ModificationsThe maturation of bacterial polypeptides begins cotranslationally as the polypeptide exits the ribosome. The first amino acid, N-formylmethionine (fMet), is typically modified at the...

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相关实验视频

Updated: Jun 18, 2026

Isolation of Ribosome Bound Nascent Polypeptides in vitro to Identify Translational Pause Sites Along mRNA
10:15

Isolation of Ribosome Bound Nascent Polypeptides in vitro to Identify Translational Pause Sites Along mRNA

Published on: July 6, 2012

结构洞察新兴的多链介导的转化滞缓的结构洞察.

Birgit Seidelt1, C Axel Innis, Daniel N Wilson

  • 1Gene Center and Center for Integrated Protein Science Munich (CIPSM), Department for Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Munich, Feodor-Lynen-Strasse 25, 81377 Munich, Germany.

Science (New York, N.Y.)
|November 26, 2009
PubMed
概括

在埃舍里希亚大肠杆菌托酶操作子表达过程中,核糖体停滞至关重要. 在核糖体出口道内的新生的TnaC相互作用通过改变释放因子结合位来抑制翻译.

更多相关视频

Using SecM Arrest Sequence as a Tool to Isolate Ribosome Bound Polypeptides
09:42

Using SecM Arrest Sequence as a Tool to Isolate Ribosome Bound Polypeptides

Published on: June 19, 2012

An In Vitro Single-Molecule Imaging Assay for the Analysis of Cap-Dependent Translation Kinetics
09:52

An In Vitro Single-Molecule Imaging Assay for the Analysis of Cap-Dependent Translation Kinetics

Published on: September 15, 2020

相关实验视频

Last Updated: Jun 18, 2026

Isolation of Ribosome Bound Nascent Polypeptides in vitro to Identify Translational Pause Sites Along mRNA
10:15

Isolation of Ribosome Bound Nascent Polypeptides in vitro to Identify Translational Pause Sites Along mRNA

Published on: July 6, 2012

Using SecM Arrest Sequence as a Tool to Isolate Ribosome Bound Polypeptides
09:42

Using SecM Arrest Sequence as a Tool to Isolate Ribosome Bound Polypeptides

Published on: June 19, 2012

An In Vitro Single-Molecule Imaging Assay for the Analysis of Cap-Dependent Translation Kinetics
09:52

An In Vitro Single-Molecule Imaging Assay for the Analysis of Cap-Dependent Translation Kinetics

Published on: September 15, 2020

科学领域:

  • 分子生物学分子生物学
  • 结构生物学 结构生物学
  • 微生物学 微生物学

背景情况:

  • 细菌中的基因表达调节对于细胞功能至关重要.
  • 埃舍里希亚大肠杆菌的酸酶操作子的表达是由TnaC领导的翻译控制的.
  • 在TnaC转化过程中,核糖体停滞是一个关键的调节机制.

研究的目的:

  • 阐明在TnaC领导转化过程中核糖体停滞的结构基础.
  • 了解核糖体出口道内的新生链相互作用如何调节翻译.
  • 调查延迟阻碍翻译的机制.

主要方法:

  • 低温电子显微镜 (cryo-EM) 在5.8安格斯特罗姆分辨率.
  • 停滞的核糖体的单颗粒重建.
  • 新生链-核糖体相互作用的结构分析.

主要成果:

  • 确定了在tnaC领导基因翻译过程中停滞的核糖体的结构.
  • 确定了TnaC新生链和核糖体出口道之间的特定接触.
  • 观察到基转移酶中心的构造变化,防止释放因子结合.
  • 证明新生链在核糖体出口道内采用不同的构造.

结论:

  • 在核糖体出口道内的新生的链相互作用对于调节翻译至关重要.
  • 提出了一个模型,其中道相互作用向基转移酶中心发出信号,以抑制翻译.
  • 核糖体内的新生链形状是动态的,并起着调节作用.