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父亲对trans-eQTL的优势影响了玉米杂交品种的基因表达模式
Ruth A Swanson-Wagner1, Rhonda DeCook, Yi Jia
1Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA.
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|December 8, 2009
概括
玉米中的杂交活力 (异质症) 尚未完全理解. 这项研究表明,父亲基因表达显著影响玉米杂交品种的基因调节,这表明广泛的印记.
科学领域:
- 植物遗传学 植物遗传学
- 分子生物学分子生物学
- 农业科学 农业科学
背景情况:
- 异种,或混合活力,描述了后代的增强性能与他们的亲生父母相比.
- 驱动异构的潜在遗传和分子机制在很大程度上是未知的.
- 玉米 (Zea mays) 杂交品种在B73和Mo17之间,不论交叉的方向如何,都会呈现异构.
研究的目的:
- 为了研究玉米中异位症的遗传基础.
- 确定控制玉米杂交品种基因表达的调控机制.
- 确定父母等位基因在杂交体内的差异性基因表达中的作用.
主要方法:
- 对互惠玉米杂交的分析 (B73 x Mo17和Mo17 x B73).
- 杂交系的表型比较.杂交系的表型比较.
- 基因表达差异的量化.
- 识别和分析大约4000个表达量化特征位点 (eQTL).
主要成果:
- 相互的玉米杂交物表现出表型差异和30-50%的基因表达差异.
- 超过四分之三 (78%) 的已识别的eQTL在转换中运行.
- 绝大多数 (86%) 的这些eQTL表明由父性传播的等位基因进行调节.
结论:
- 广泛的印记,其中只有一个亲代基因被表达,是对玉米杂交品的基因表达调节的关键贡献者.
- 父亲的等位基因特异性调节在调解异构中起着至关重要的作用.
- 了解印记机制可以提供关于优化作物中混合性能的见解.
相关概念视频
02:27Trihybrid Crosses
Trihybrid Crosses
Some of Mendel’s crosses examined three pairs of contrasting characteristics. Such a cross is called a trihybrid cross. A trihybrid cross is a combination of three individual monohybrid crosses. For example, plant height (tall vs. short), seed shape (round vs. wrinkled), and seed color (yellow vs. green).
The F1 generation plants of a trihybrid cross are heterozygous for all three traits and produce eight gametes. Upon self-fertilization, these gametes have an equal chance to...
Some of Mendel’s crosses examined three pairs of contrasting characteristics. Such a cross is called a trihybrid cross. A trihybrid cross is a combination of three individual monohybrid crosses. For example, plant height (tall vs. short), seed shape (round vs. wrinkled), and seed color (yellow vs. green).
The F1 generation plants of a trihybrid cross are heterozygous for all three traits and produce eight gametes. Upon self-fertilization, these gametes have an equal chance to...
01:43Incomplete Dominance
Gregor Mendel's work (1822 - 1884) was primarily focused on pea plants. Through his initial experiments, he determined that every gene in a diploid cell has two variants called alleles inherited from each parent. He suggested that amongst these two alleles, one allele is dominant in character and the other recessive. The combination of alleles determines the phenotype of a gene in an organism.
01:20Monohybrid Crosses
Overview
01:20Monohybrid Crosses
Overview
01:18Dihybrid Crosses
Overview
01:39Test Cross
Alleles are different forms of the same gene. Humans and other diploid organisms inherit two alleles of every gene, one from each parent.