利用碳支付来保护生物多样性
Oscar Venter1, William F Laurance, Takuya Iwamura
1The Ecology Centre, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia. oventer@uq.edu.au
概括
保护森林以减少碳排放 (REDD) 提供了生物多样性的好处,但资金分配涉及权衡. 微小的基金调整可以显著增加受保护物种,同时对碳目标产生最小的影响.
科学领域:
- 环境科学 环境科学
- 保护生物学 保护生物学
- 气候变化缓解缓解 气候变化缓解
背景情况:
- 森林保护举措,如减少森林砍伐和退化 (REDD) 的排放,在全球范围内得到越来越多的激励.
- 在保护生物多样性方面,REDD的有效性取决于碳和物种保护优先事项之间的空间重叠.
- 了解这些空间关系对于优化保护资金至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 分析用于森林碳捕获和生物多样性保护的资金分配之间的全球空间权衡.
- 评估成本有效的REDD资金对森林脊椎动物物种保护的影响.
- 确定最佳的资金分配策略,以最大限度地提高副效益.
主要方法:
- 全球范围的森林碳和生物多样性数据的空间分析.
- 模拟REDD倡议的资金分配场景.
- 使用非线性关系分析评估权衡.
主要成果:
- 在全球范围内,在为森林碳与生物多样性分配资金时存在重大空间权衡.
- 具有成本效益的REDD融资策略优先考虑保护有限数量的森林脊椎动物物种的地区.
- 非线性权衡表明,资金分配中的小调整可以显著提高生物多样性结果.
结论:
- 优化REDD资金分配可以显著提高生物多样性的共同好处,而不会影响碳捕获目标.
- 碳排放量减少4-8%可能会使REDD倡议所保护的生物多样性增加一倍.
- 综合保护规划对于最大限度地发挥森林保护计划的双重效益至关重要.
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