实现多能性的重编程需要依赖AID的DNA脱甲基化
Nidhi Bhutani1, Jennifer J Brady, Mara Damian
1Baxter Laboratory for Stem Cell Biology, Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California 94305-5175, USA.
激活诱导的cytidine deaminase (AID) 通过去甲基化关键的多能性基因而驱动人类体细胞的快速,高效的重编程,使其成为诱导多能性干细胞 (iPS),而无需DNA复制.
科学领域:
- 细胞生物学 细胞生物学
- 遗传学 是一个遗传学.
- 表观遗传学 在表观遗传学中,表观遗传学是指表观遗传学.
背景情况:
- 诱导多能干细胞 (iPS) 产生对再生医学至关重要,但面临着速度,效率和DNA脱甲基化方面的挑战.
- 目前用于产生患者特异性干细胞的方法缓慢,低效,并受到表观遗传障碍的阻碍.
研究的目的:
- 调查核重编程快速和高效的基础上的监管机制,以实现多能性.
- 确定克服体细胞重编程中的DNA脱甲基化瓶所必需的因素.
主要方法:
- 通过将小鼠胚胎干细胞 (ES) 与人类纤维细胞融合而产生跨物种异体.
- 利用短干扰RNA (siRNA) 中介的淘汰来评估特定基因在重编程中的作用.
- 分析了激活诱导的cytidine deaminase (AID) 与基因促进体的结合,使用染色体免疫沉.
主要成果:
- 跨物种异种子能够进行同步,快速 (1天) 和高效 (70%) 的重编程,而无需细胞分裂或DNA复制.
- 激活诱导的cytidine去氨酶 (AID) 被确定为促进体去甲基化和OCT4和NANOG基因表达的诱导必不可少.
- 观察到AID蛋白在纤维细胞中结合甲基化OCT4和NANOG促进体,促进其去甲基化.
结论:
- 哺乳动物的AID在核重编程期间在活性DNA脱甲基化中发挥着关键作用.
- 在人类体细胞中启动多能诱导需要AID,提供更快,更有效的重编程策略.
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