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哺乳动物基因组中的内源非逆转录病毒RNA病毒元素
Masayuki Horie1, Tomoyuki Honda, Yoshiyuki Suzuki
1Department of Virology, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases (BIKEN), Osaka University, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.
Nature
|January 8, 2010
概括
非逆转录病毒RNA病毒,像博纳病毒一样,可以整合到动物基因组中,产生内源的博纳样N (EBLN) 元素. 这一发现揭示了哺乳动物遗传新奇性的新来源.
科学领域:
- 病毒学 病毒学
- 基因组学就是基因组学.
- 进化生物学 进化生物学
背景情况:
- 已知复原病毒形成内源性前原病毒,占人类基因组的8%.
- 非逆转录病毒RNA病毒通过DNA中间体复制,但它们的生殖基DNA形式以前未被发现.
- 博尔纳病毒在RNA病毒中独特地建立了持续的核感染.
研究的目的:
- 研究哺乳动物基因组中非逆转录病毒病毒衍生的元素的存在和起源.
- 探索波尔纳病毒对宿主遗传新奇性有所贡献的潜力.
主要方法:
- 搜索了哺乳动物基因组,寻找与博纳病毒核蛋白 (N) 基因同源的序列.
- 进行了植物遗传学分析,以确定这些元素的进化历史.
- 研究了灵长类动物内源性博纳样N (EBLN) 元素的表达.
- 实验测试了博尔纳病病毒 (BDV) N mRNA在细胞培养中形成EBLN类元素的能力.
主要成果:
- 在人类,灵长类动物,动物和大象中发现了同源于博纳病毒N基因的EBLN元素.
- 发现一些灵长类动物的EBLN含有完整的开放式读取 (ORF),并以mRNA表示.
- 遗传学分析表明,不同哺乳动物家族的EBLNs发生了不同的插入事件.
- 日期的EBLN起源从最近 (地松鼠) 到古代 (灵长类动物,>4000万年前).
- 证明当前的哺乳动物博纳病毒 (BDV) N mRNA可以在感染细胞中产生EBLN类元素.
结论:
- 这项研究提供了非逆转录病毒RNA病毒元素在哺乳动物基因组内源化的第一个证据.
- 波尔纳病毒可以通过内源元素的形成作为遗传新的来源.
- 这些发现为内源性病毒元素的生成和病毒演变提供了新的见解.
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