在麦粉和麦中的β-葡萄糖的低胆固醇效应. 一个剂量控制的研究
M H Davidson1, L D Dugan, J H Burns
1Department of Medicine, Rush-Presbyterian-St Luke's Medical Center, Chicago Center for Clinical Research, IL 60607.
JAMA
|April 10, 1991
概括
含有β-葡萄糖纤维的麦谷物有效降低高胆固醇水平. 56g的麦显示出低密度脂蛋白胆固醇 (LDL-C) 的最大降低,证明了β-葡萄糖的独立降胆固醇作用.
科学领域:
- 营养科学 营养科学
- 心血管健康 心血管健康
- 饮食纤维研究 饮食纤维研究
背景情况:
- 高胆固醇血症是心血管疾病的重要危险因素.
- 水溶性纤维,特别是麦中发现的β-葡萄糖,因其降低胆固醇的特性而受到研究.
- 饮食干预对于管理脂质概况至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 为了评估不同剂量的富含β-葡萄糖的麦谷物 (麦粉和麦) 的低胆固醇效应.
- 为了确定麦或麦粉是否产生更大的低密度脂蛋白胆固醇 (LDL-C) 降低.
- 为了确定β-葡萄糖摄入量和降低胆固醇之间的剂量反应关系.
主要方法:
- 一项随机对照试验,涉及156名LDL-C水平升高的成年人.
- 参与者被分为七组,接受麦粉或麦 (28g,56g,84g) 或面粉对照 (28g).
- 禁食血液样本在基线和6周饮食干预后被分析.
主要成果:
- 与面粉对照组相比,在摄入84克麦粉,56克麦和84克麦的组中观察到总胆固醇和LDL-C的显著降低.
- 56克麦团组的LDL-C降低了15.9%,明显高于56克麦粉的10.1%降低.
- 在麦治疗组之间没有发现饮食脂肪含量的显著差异,强调β-葡萄糖是关键活性成分.
结论:
- 麦谷物,特别是麦,表现出显著的剂量依赖的低胆固醇效应,主要归因于它们的β-葡萄糖含量.
- 麦中的β-葡萄糖度较高,与麦粉相比,在同等剂量的麦粉中,导致LDL-C降低更大.
- 可以建议饮食中摄入富含β-葡萄糖的麦产品,作为管理高胆固醇血症的有效策略.
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