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竞争推动了与鹿鼠密切相关的精子之间的合作
Heidi S Fisher1, Hopi E Hoekstra
1Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, Museum of Comparative Zoology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA. hfisher@oeb.harvard.edu
Nature
|January 22, 2010
概括
乱交的鹿鼠的精子与其最近的亲属合作,这种行为是由精子竞争驱动的. 这种歧视提高了精子的游泳速度和竞争优势.
科学领域:
- 进化生物学是进化的生物学.
- 动物行为 动物行为
- 生殖科学 生殖科学
背景情况:
- 精子竞争驱动了非凡的适应,包括精子之间的合作行为.
- 合作的精子群可以增加游泳速度,在男性之间的竞争中获得优势.
- 选择有利于最密切相关的精子之间的合作,以最大限度地提高个体健康.
研究的目的:
- 在鹿鼠 (Peromyscus属) 中调查基于亲属关系的精子合作和歧视.
- 为了测试合作性精子行为是由精子竞争驱动的假设.
- 检查精子是否可以区分同种和异种精子,以及相关的同种精子.
主要方法:
- 在鹿鼠中观察运动精子聚合.
- 精子聚合偏好的实验测试与同种类与异种类精子.
- 在一夫一妻制的物种 (Peromyscus polionotus) 与乱交的物种 (Peromyscus maniculatus) 中比较精子聚合行为.
- 测试来自同一雄性,非相关同类雄性和兄弟雄性精子之间的聚合偏好.
主要成果:
- 鹿鼠的精子形成了运动集群.
- 精子聚合频率更高,与同种比异种精子,表明基于遗传亲属关系的歧视.
- 在一夫一妻制的P. polionotus中 (精子竞争较低),精子无差别地聚集在一起.
- 在乱交的P. maniculatus (高精子竞争) 中,精子优先聚集与来自同一雄性甚至兄弟雄性的精子,而不是与无关的同类精子.
结论:
- 来自乱交的鹿鼠的精子在亲属之间进行歧视,优先与最密切相关的精子合作.
- 这种合作行为是由激烈的精子竞争驱动的适应.
- 精子合作和歧视代表了一种复杂的进化策略,以提高生殖成功.
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