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胚胎多能性的染色体特征是在基因组激活过程中建立的
Nadine L Vastenhouw1, Yong Zhang, Ian G Woods
1Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Harvard University, 16 Divinity Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA.
Nature
|March 26, 2010
概括
在母细胞转变过程中,关键的组素修饰,如H3K4me3和H3K27me3,建立了双价和单价染色体域,为胚胎基因的激活和多能性做好了准备.
科学领域:
- 发育生物学 发展生物学
- 表观遗传学 在表观遗传学中,表观遗传学是指表观遗传学.
- 基因组学就是基因组学.
背景情况:
- 在受精后,胚胎基因组在转录上保持沉默,直到发生母体-胚胎过渡.
- 对于胚胎发育和干细胞生成至关重要的多能细胞在这种过渡过程中出现.
- 了解染色体动态是解读基因组激活和多能性的关键.
研究的目的:
- 调查与多能性和基因组激活相关的基因组三甲基化标记 (H3K27me3和H3K4me3) 的变化.
- 在斑马鱼中,在母性-阴性过渡之前和之后绘制这些修饰的基因组位置.
主要方法:
- 染色体免疫沉 (ChIP) 来映射素H3氨酸三甲基化 (H3K27me3和H3K4me3).
- 顺序的ChIP,以确定两个标志是否在相同的推广地区共存.
- 对现有数据集和可诱导的转基因进行分析,以研究基因调节.
主要成果:
- 在母体-阴茎过渡之前,H3K27me3和H3K4me3都不存在.
- 过渡后,超过80%的基因获得了H3K4me3,许多发育基因显示H3K4me3和H3K27me3 (双价域).
- 鉴定了单独含有H3K4me3 (单价域) 的非活性基因,缺乏RNA聚合酶II结合.
结论:
- 双价和单价染色体域在母细胞转变期间建立,可能为基因激活做好准备.
- 这些发现揭示了多能性和早期胚胎基因调节背后的染色质结构.
- H3K4me3可以独立于特定序列激活剂和稳定的RNA聚合酶II关联.
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