全球土壤呼吸记录与温度相关的增加
Ben Bond-Lamberty1, Allison Thomson
1Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Joint Global Change Research Institute at the University of Maryland-College Park, 5825 University Research Court, Suite 3500, College Park, Maryland 20740, USA. bondlamberty@pnl.gov
Nature
|March 26, 2010
概括
土壤呼吸 (R(S) 是主要的碳流,受到空气温度上升的影响越来越大. 这项研究揭示了温度异常和R (S) 之间的显著正相关性,表明陆地碳循环正在发生变化.
科学领域:
- 地球和环境科学 地球和环境科学
- 气候科学 气候科学
- 生态生态学 生态生态学
背景情况:
- 土壤呼吸 (R) 是地球上第二大碳流,从土壤中释放二氧化碳 (CO2).
- 了解R (S) 动态对于气候变化建模至关重要,但由于测量挑战,全球流动仍然受到很少的约束.
- 现有研究表明,R(S) 应应对气候变化,但观测证据有限.
研究的目的:
- 研究气候,特别是空气温度对全球土壤呼吸率的影响.
- 通过使用全面的全球数据集,识别土壤呼吸的时间趋势.
- 测量土壤呼吸对温度变化的敏感性.
主要方法:
- 编制了一个跨越四十年的全球土壤呼吸 (R) 测量数据库.
- 集成的R(S) 数据与高分辨率的历史气候数据.
- 使用统计分析来考虑气候,叶面积,沉积和CO2测量技术等因素.
主要成果:
- 在控制混变量后,在R ((S) 中发现了以前未被识别的时间趋势.
- 空气温度异常与土壤呼吸变化有显著的正相关性.
- 2008年的全球R (S) 估计为98 +/- 12 Pg C,从1989-2008年增加了0.1 Pg C yr (-1).
结论:
- 全球土壤呼吸显然对空气温度变化敏感,Q10为1.5.5.
- 观察到的R(S的增加表明,陆地碳循环的加速.
- 虽然并非绝对是积极的反,但这些发现与气候变化对碳动态的影响是一致的.
相关概念视频
Global Climate Change
24.4K
Throughout its ~4.5 billion year history, the Earth has experienced periods of warming and cooling. However, the current drastic increase in global temperatures is well outside of the Earth’s cyclic norms, and evidence for human-caused global climate change is compelling. Paleoclimatology, the study of ancient climate conditions, provides ample evidence for human-caused global climate change by comparing recent conditions with those in the past.
24.4K
Responses to Heat and Cold Stress
13.5K
Every organism has an optimum temperature range within which healthy growth and physiological functioning can occur. At the ends of this range, there will be a minimum and maximum temperature that interrupt biological processes.
13.5K
Temperature Dependence on Reaction Rate
77.7K
The Collision Theory
Atoms, molecules, or ions must collide before they can react with each other. Atoms must be close together to form chemical bonds. This premise is the basis for a theory that explains many observations regarding chemical kinetics, including factors affecting reaction rates.
The collision theory is based on the postulates that (i) the reaction rate is proportional to the rate of reactant collisions, (ii) the reacting species collide in an orientation allowing contact between...
Atoms, molecules, or ions must collide before they can react with each other. Atoms must be close together to form chemical bonds. This premise is the basis for a theory that explains many observations regarding chemical kinetics, including factors affecting reaction rates.
The collision theory is based on the postulates that (i) the reaction rate is proportional to the rate of reactant collisions, (ii) the reacting species collide in an orientation allowing contact between...
77.7K
Radiation: Applications
1.8K
The average temperature of Earth is the subject of much current discussion. Earth is in radiative contact with both the Sun and dark space; it receives almost all its energy from the radiation of the Sun and reflects some of it into outer space. Dark space is very cold, about 3 K, so Earth radiates energy into it. For instance, heat transfer occurs from soil and grasses, the rate of which can be so rapid that frost can occur on clear summer evenings, even in warm latitudes.
The average...
The average...
1.8K
Soil Microbial Ecology
83
Soil microbial ecology is defined by highly diverse, spatially structured communities that drive nutrient cycling, organic matter turnover, and overall ecosystem stability. Although a gram of soil can contain thousands of bacterial and archaeal taxa, the ecological processes they mediate are even more crucial for sustaining terrestrial life.Microhabitats and NichesSoil is a heterogeneous mixture of minerals, organic matter, water, and air. Microbes inhabit distinct microhabitats formed by...
83
Microbes and Climate Change
91
Microorganisms are pivotal agents in Earth's biogeochemical cycles, significantly influencing climate dynamics through their metabolic activities. These microbes modulate the levels of key greenhouse gases by both contributing to and helping mitigate climate change.Microbial Contributions to Greenhouse Gas EmissionsRising global temperatures accelerate microbial metabolism, which, in turn, speeds up the decomposition of organic matter. This process releases carbon dioxide (CO₂) through...
91


