原子薄板的摩擦特性 原子薄板的摩擦特性
Changgu Lee1, Qunyang Li, William Kalb
1Department of Mechanical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA.
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|April 3, 2010
概括
随着物质层的减少,纳米级摩擦会增加,对于软基板上的石墨烯等二维材料,这种摩擦会增加. 这种趋势被强大的结合抑制,这表明薄膜的普遍特征.
科学领域:
- 材料科学 材料科学 材料科学
- 纳米技术纳米技术
- 部落学 (tribology) 是一个学科.
背景情况:
- 与其散装对应物相比,原子薄的2D材料表现出独特的特性.
- 了解纳米级摩擦对于设计先进的微型和纳米电子机械系统至关重要.
- 分层材料在基板上的摩擦行为是复杂的,并取决于各种因素.
研究的目的:
- 为了研究层厚度对各种2D材料纳米级摩擦的影响.
- 为了比较原子薄板的摩擦特性与它们的散装形式.
- 阐明2D材料中纳米尺度摩擦的基本机制.
主要方法:
- 使用摩擦力显微镜 (FFM) 来测量纳米级摩擦.
- 原子薄的石墨烯板,MoS2,NbSe2和hBN被剥落到氧化基板上.
- 用有限元模型 (FEM) 来分析弹性变形效应.
主要成果:
- 摩擦随着所有测试的二维材料的层数量的减少而单调地增加.
- 这种厚度依赖的摩擦趋势在粘合较弱的基板上观察到,但被强大的基板结合所抑制.
- 石墨烯和MoS2显示了原子格子的棒滑摩擦,最薄的板表现出滑动长度依赖的静态摩擦.
结论:
- 观察到的纳米级摩擦趋势归因于在较薄的板块中增加了对平面外弹性变形的易感性.
- 这些发现表明,纳米级摩擦对于与基板结合较弱的二维材料具有普遍的特征.
- 强大的基板相互作用可以显著改变或抑制厚度依赖的摩擦行为.
相关概念视频
01:21Characteristics of Dry Friction
Dry friction occurs when two solid surfaces slide against each other without any lubrication or fluid present. It causes resistance when pushing objects along a surface, like a gardener pushing a wheelbarrow. The force applied to move the cart causes dry friction between the wheel and the ground.
Before the wheelbarrow starts moving, the static frictional force acts tangentially to the contact surface, opposing the force that is about to induce the motion. This frictional force prevents the...
Before the wheelbarrow starts moving, the static frictional force acts tangentially to the contact surface, opposing the force that is about to induce the motion. This frictional force prevents the...
01:07Frictional Force
When a body is in motion, it encounters resistance because the body interacts with its surroundings. This resistance is known as friction, a common yet complex force whose behavior is still not completely understood. Friction opposes relative motion between systems in contact, but also allows us to move. Friction arises in part due to the roughness of surfaces in contact. For one object to move along a surface, it must rise to where the peaks of the surface can skip along the bottom of the...
01:05Static and Kinetic Frictional Force
One of the simpler characteristics of sliding friction is that it is parallel to the contact surfaces between systems, and is always in a direction that opposes the motion or attempted motion of the systems relative to each other. If two systems are in contact and moving relative to one another, then the friction between them is called kinetic friction. For example, kinetic friction slows a hockey puck sliding on ice.
However, if two systems are in contact and are stationary relative to one...
However, if two systems are in contact and are stationary relative to one...
01:30Dry Friction
Dry friction occurs between two solid surfaces in contact as they attempt to move relative to one another. In daily life, dry friction is encountered in various forms, such as when walking on the ground, sliding an object across a table, or rubbing hands together. Despite its ubiquity, the underlying mechanisms behind dry friction are not readily visible.
To illustrate this concept, imagine a wooden crate resting on a rough, non-uniform horizontal surface. When an external force is applied to...
To illustrate this concept, imagine a wooden crate resting on a rough, non-uniform horizontal surface. When an external force is applied to...
01:27Types of Friction Problems
Friction is an essential concept in physics, engineering, and everyday life. It is the force that opposes the relative motion or tendency of such motion between two surfaces in contact. One of the most common types of friction encountered in various applications is dry friction. Dry friction problems can be broadly categorized into three types, each with unique characteristics and challenges.
The first type of dry friction problem involves situations where there is no apparent impending motion.
The first type of dry friction problem involves situations where there is no apparent impending motion.
01:08Atomic Force Microscopy
Atomic force microscopy (AFM) is a type of scanning probe microscopy that can analyze topographic details of various specimens like ceramics, glass, polymers, and biological samples. AFM offers over 1000 times more resolution than the optical imaging system. Images generated from AFM are three-dimensional surface profiles, offering an advantage over the flat, two-dimensional images from other imaging techniques.
The AFM Probe
The probe is regarded as the heart of any AFM setup and comprises the...
The AFM Probe
The probe is regarded as the heart of any AFM setup and comprises the...