相关实验视频
Updated: May 5, 2026

10:35
Bringing the Visible Universe into Focus with Robo-AO
Published on: February 12, 2013
21.4K
一个系外行星的图像,与一颗恒星相隔两条衍射束宽
E Serabyn1, D Mawet, R Burruss
1Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, 4800 Oak Grove Drive, Pasadena, California 91109, USA. gene.serabyn@jpl.nasa.gov
Nature
|April 16, 2010
概括
科学家们使用了一种新的旋冠状图,检测到三颗围绕恒星HR 8799.9的系外行星. 这种先进的冠状图技术允许更清晰的图像更接近它们的主星的行星.
科学领域:
- 天文学和天体物理学
- 探测系外行星的探测器
- 高对比度成像技术的使用
背景情况:
- 使用高对比度成像检测系外行星受到星光散射的限制,将观测限制在与宿主恒星相距较大的角度距离上.
- 目前的技术需要大型望远镜,并且受到射极限 (10λ/D) 的限制,这阻碍了在较小的角度探测行星.
- 减少恒星光和噪音对于成像微弱的行星靠近他们的恒星至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 为了证明缩小角度高对比度冠状图的有效性,用于系外行星检测.
- 在一个小孔望远镜上测试一个状冠状图系统,以在小角距离上对行星进行成像.
- 评估这项技术在未来的系外行星发现任务中的潜力.
主要方法:
- 在一个小的,经过良好的校正的望远镜底孔 (1.5米) 后方安装一个状冠状图仪.
- 使用冠状图来减少星光散射和相关噪声在小角偏移.
- 使用差异成像技术探测恒星HR 8799.9周围的行星.
主要成果:
- 成功检测了围绕恒星HR 8799.9运行的所有三个已知的系外行星.
- 从主恒星距离的角距离仅为2λ/D的行星的成像.
- 该系统的噪声水平在理论光子噪声极限的两倍之内.
结论:
- 小孔,经过良好的校正的冠状图系统对于在小角度隔离处检测系外行星是有效的.
- 这项技术可以使用更大的地面望远镜发现靠近宿主恒星的系外行星.
- 这些发现表明,小型太空望远镜有可能用于成像微弱的陆地行星.
相关概念视频
Interference and Diffraction
28.8K
Interference is a characteristic phenomenon exhibited by waves. When two electromagnetic waves interact with their peaks and troughs coinciding, a resulting wave with enhanced amplitude is produced. This is known as constructive interference. In this case, the two waves interacting are in phase with each other.
28.8K
Emission Spectra
65.2K
When solids, liquids, or condensed gases are heated sufficiently, they radiate some of the excess energy as light. Photons produced in this manner have a range of energies, and thereby produce a continuous spectrum in which an unbroken series of wavelengths is present.
65.2K
Kepler's Second Law of Planetary Motion
4.7K
In the early 17th century, German astronomer and mathematician Johannes Kepler postulated three laws for the motion of planets in the solar system. His first law states that all planets orbit the Sun in an elliptical orbit, with the Sun at one of the ellipse's foci. Therefore, the distance of a planet from the Sun varies throughout its revolution around the Sun.
While in an elliptical orbit, the total energy of the planet is conserved. Therefore, the planet slows down when it is at apogee and...
While in an elliptical orbit, the total energy of the planet is conserved. Therefore, the planet slows down when it is at apogee and...
4.7K
Phase Contrast and Differential Interference Contrast Microscopy
9.4K
Phase-Contrast Microscopes
In-phase-contrast microscopes, interference between light directly passing through a cell and light refracted by cellular components is used to create high-contrast, high-resolution images without staining. It is the oldest and simplest type of microscope that creates an image by altering the wavelengths of light rays passing through the specimen. Altered wavelength paths are created using an annular stop in the condenser. The annular stop produces a hollow cone of...
In-phase-contrast microscopes, interference between light directly passing through a cell and light refracted by cellular components is used to create high-contrast, high-resolution images without staining. It is the oldest and simplest type of microscope that creates an image by altering the wavelengths of light rays passing through the specimen. Altered wavelength paths are created using an annular stop in the condenser. The annular stop produces a hollow cone of...
9.4K
X-ray Imaging
7.7K
German physicist Wilhelm Röntgen (1845–1923) was experimenting with electrical current when he discovered that a mysterious and invisible "ray" would pass through his flesh but leave an outline of his bones on a screen coated with a metal compound. In 1895, Röntgen made the first durable record of the internal parts of a living human: an "X-ray" image (as it came to be called) of his wife’s hand. Scientists worldwide quickly began their own experiments with...
7.7K
Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Interference
793
In atomic emission spectroscopy (AES), high-temperature atomizers excite a broad range of elements and molecules that generate complex emissions from sources such as oxides, hydroxides, and flame combustion products in the flame or plasma. Several strategies can be employed to minimize spectral interferences caused by overlapping emission lines or bands. These include increasing instrument resolution, choosing alternative emission lines, optimally placing the detector in low-background regions,...
793

