在肌缩性侧面硬化症中,optineurin的突变
Hirofumi Maruyama1, Hiroyuki Morino, Hidefumi Ito
1Department of Epidemiology, Research Institute for Radiation Biology and Medicine, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima 734-8553, Japan.
Nature
|April 30, 2010
概括
选择性尿素 (OPTN) 基因的突变与肌缩性侧面硬化症 (ALS) 的发病有关. OPTN突变破坏了核因子kappa B (NF-kappaB) 的调节,这表明ALS的新治疗点.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 遗传学 是一个遗传学.
- 分子生物学分子生物学
背景情况:
- 肌缩侧面硬化症 (ALS) 是一种进展性运动神经元疾病,大多数家族病例的遗传原因尚不清楚.
- 已知家族性ALS基因 (SOD1,ANG,TARDBP,FUS) 仅解释了家族病例的一小部分,强调了需要识别新的致病基因.
研究的目的:
- 调查optineurin (OPTN) 基因在ALS病变发生过程中的作用,该基因此前与原发性开角玻璃眼 (POAG) 有关.
- 确定与ALS相关的OPTN中的新型遗传突变,并阐明它们的功能后果.
主要方法:
- 对ALS患者进行基因分析,以确定OPTN基因中的突变.
- 细胞传染研究,分析已识别的OPTN突变对核因子kappa B (NF-kappaB) 激活和蛋白质定位的功能影响.
- 对患者组织进行免疫组合化学分析,以检测OPTN-免疫反应性纳入和与已知的ALS蛋白聚合物 (TDP-43,SOD1) 共定位的患者组织.
主要成果:
- 在ALS患者中鉴定了三种类型的OPTN突变:同卵性异构5删除,同卵性Q398X无意义突变和异卵性E478G错误突变.
- OPTN无稽之谈和错误的突变取消了NF-kappaB激活的抑制.
- E478G突变导致OPTN的细胞质分布发生变化,并形成OPTN-免疫反应的细胞质内含物,这些内含物也与ALS组织中的TDP-43和SOD1聚合物共定位.
结论:
- OPTN突变与ALS的发病有关,这表明有一个新的遗传联系.
- 由于OPTN突变导致NF-kappaB信号的失调可能会导致ALS.
- OPTN是ALS的潜在治疗标,OPTN突变的转基因模型对药物开发有价值.
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