通过基于数组的序列捕获对尼安德特人基因组进行有针对性的调查
Hernán A Burbano1, Emily Hodges, Richard E Green
1Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, D-04103 Leipzig, Germany.
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|May 8, 2010
概括
研究人员使用杂交捕获恢复了尼安德特人DNA的超大数据库,即使有99.8%的微生物污染. 这种古老的DNA测序确定了88个固定的氨基酸替代在人类自从从尼安德特人分离.
科学领域:
- 古遗传学是古遗传学的一部分.
- 古代DNA研究研究 古代DNA研究
- 人类进化遗传学 人类进化遗传学
背景情况:
- 对于已灭绝的生物体,全基因组猎枪测序和有针对性的捕获是可行的.
- 从古代DNA中对大型核基因组区域进行有针对性的重序仍然具有挑战性.
- 高水平的微生物污染在古代DNA样本中很常见.
研究的目的:
- 为了证明从古代DNA中对大型核基因组区域进行有针对性的再测序的可行性.
- 自从从尼安德特人分离以来,识别人类特有的氨基酸替代.
主要方法:
- 混合捕获使用微阵列从古代DNA中丰富目标区域.
- 在尼安德特人和现代人类DNA中测序向蛋白质编码位置.
- 生物信息分析以确定固定的氨基酸替代物.
主要成果:
- 从尼安德特人DNA中成功恢复了目标区域的超大数据库,微生物污染率为~99.8%.
- 测序了大约14000个蛋白质编码位置.
- 鉴定了88种氨基酸替代物,在与尼安德特人分离后固定在人类血统中.
结论:
- 杂交捕获对于从高度受污染的古代DNA中恢复大型核基因组段是有效的.
- 这种方法可以通过古代DNA分析来研究人类进化.
- 确定了区分现代人类与尼安德特人的关键遗传变化.
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